| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 500mg |
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Purity: ≥98%
Phenytoin Sodium (also known as 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin; Diphenylhydantoin Sodium; Diphantoine), the sodium salt of Phenytoin, is an inactive voltage-gated sodium channel stabilizer. It is also a potent multi-channel blockers, blocking K+ and Ca 2+ channels. Phenytoin selectively blocks persistent INaP over shorter INaP actions and blocks high frequency repetitive firing of action potentials. Phenytoin Sodium is an anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant.
| ln Vitro |
One antiepileptic medication is phenytoin. It is not recommended for the treatment of primary generalized seizures, such as absence or myoclonic seizures, but rather for the treatment of partial and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. It is believed that by voltage-dependently blocking voltage-gated sodium channels, phenytoin prevents epileptic episodes [2]. At hyperpolarized membrane potentials, phenytoin exhibits little affinity for sodium channels that are at rest [3]. As the neuron depolarizes and the channel becomes open and inactive, there is an increase in binding and blockage. Because inhibitory effectiveness is highly reliant on usage, prolonged or frequent activation—such as that which happens during epileptic seizures—causes blockage to build. Phenytoin has a gradual beginning of action when blocking sodium channels. Consequently, the medication has no effect on the time course of rapid sodium currents, and it has no effect on blocking action potentials brought on by synaptic depolarizations of a normal duration. Therefore, without significantly affecting ongoing activity, phenytoin can selectively decrease the pathological hyperexcitability of epilepsy. Additionally, phenytoin inhibits sodium currents that are still flowing, which may be very crucial for managing epileptic seizures. One class 1b antiarrhythmic medication is phenytoin [4].
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| ln Vivo |
Mouse models can be created using phenytoin in animal modeling.
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| References |
[1]. Michaela Nelson, et al. The sodium channel-blocking antiepileptic drug phenytoin inhibits breast tumour growth and metastasis. Mol Cancer. 2015 Jan 27;14(1):13.
[2]. Rogawski, M.A. and W. Loscher, The neurobiology of antiepileptic drugs. Nat Rev Neurosci, 2004. 5(7): p. 553-64. [3]. Porter, R.J., et al., Mechanisms of action of antiseizure drugs. Handb Clin Neurol, 2012. 108: p. 663-81. [4]. Balaji, S., Medical therapy for sudden death. Pediatr Clin North Am, 2004. 51(5): p. 1379-87. |
| Molecular Formula |
C15H11N2NAO2
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| Molecular Weight |
274.25
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| CAS # |
630-93-3
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| Related CAS # |
Phenytoin;57-41-0;Phenytoin-d10;65854-97-9
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| SMILES |
[Na+].O=C1C(C2C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C=2[H])(C2C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C=2[H])N([H])C([N-]1)=O
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| InChi Key |
FJPYVLNWWICYDW-UHFFFAOYSA-M
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C15H12N2O2.Na/c18-13-15(17-14(19)16-13,11-7-3-1-4-8-11)12-9-5-2-6-10-12;/h1-10H,(H2,16,17,18,19);/q;+1/p-1
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| Chemical Name |
sodium;5,5-diphenylimidazolidin-3-ide-2,4-dione
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| Synonyms |
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
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| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.6463 mL | 18.2315 mL | 36.4631 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7293 mL | 3.6463 mL | 7.2926 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3646 mL | 1.8232 mL | 3.6463 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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