| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| 500mg | ||
| 1g | ||
| Other Sizes |
| ln Vitro |
In Escherichia coli, 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid, also known as alpha-ketoisovaleric acid, is the precursor to pantothenic acid [1]. 3-Methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid induces an early decrease in ornithine and a late increase in plasma arginine, but it also decreases the equivalent amino acids and potentiates α-ketoisocaproic acid and α-keto-beta-methyl-n-valeric acid [2].
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|---|---|
| ln Vivo |
3-Methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid (alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid) causes convulsions in rats via both GABAergic and glutamatergic pathways [3].
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid is a 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-oxo derivative of isovaleric acid. It has a role as a human metabolite and a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite. It is a 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid and a branched-chain keto acid. It is functionally related to a butyric acid. It is a conjugate acid of a 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate. It is a tautomer of a 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenoic acid.
alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). a-Ketoisovaleric acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). 3-Methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid has been reported in Drosophila melanogaster, Aloe africana, and other organisms with data available. Alpha-ketoisovaleric acid is a branched chain organic acid which is a precursor to leucine and valine synthesis. It is also a degradation product from valine. The enzyme dihydroxy-acid dehydratase catalyzes the fourth step in the biosynthesis of isoleucine and valine, through the dehydration of 2, 3-dihydroxy-isovaleic acid into alpha-ketoisovaleric acid. Alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. |
| Molecular Formula |
C5H8O3
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
116.1152
|
| Exact Mass |
116.047
|
| CAS # |
759-05-7
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| Related CAS # |
3715-29-5 (hydrochloride salt);51828-94-5 (calcium salt)
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| PubChem CID |
49
|
| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
|
| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
170.2±9.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
71.0±15.2 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.7±0.7 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.432
|
| LogP |
-0.36
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
8
|
| Complexity |
115
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
QHKABHOOEWYVLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H8O3/c1-3(2)4(6)5(7)8/h3H,1-2H3,(H,7,8)
|
| Chemical Name |
3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~861.18 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (18.69 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 21.7 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (18.69 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 21.7 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (18.69 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.6118 mL | 43.0589 mL | 86.1178 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.7224 mL | 8.6118 mL | 17.2236 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8612 mL | 4.3059 mL | 8.6118 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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