Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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5mg |
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10mg |
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25mg |
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50mg |
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100mg |
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250mg |
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500mg |
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Other Sizes |
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ln Vitro |
Labeling cells, organelles, toners, viruses, and lipoproteins is a common application for henna dyes. DiO (DiOC18 (3)), DiI (DiIC18 (3)), DiD (DiIC18 (5) )), and DiR are examples of long-chain henna cyanines. DiA (4-Di-16-ASP), a dialkylphoenix dye, is also used to mark membranes and other focal structures. Compared to DiI (C18), DiIC16 (3) has a shorter alkyl substituent (C16). They have fluorophores that are dependent on the environment, very high extinction factors, and short excited-state depletion in pyramid environments. When integrated into membranes or attached to lipophilic biomolecules, they become highly fluorescent and relatively photostable. In water, they are oil-forming and weakly fluorescent. They are perfect for staining cell plasma membranes because of their optical characteristics. After the cells are recognized, these dyes permeate laterally through the plasma membrane, staining the entire cell [1 DiO, DiI, DiD, and DiR show distinct green, orange, red, and red fluorescence, respectively, making it easier to image live cells in multiple colors and perform flow cytometry. Standard FITC and TRITC filters can be used with DiO and DiI, respectively. DiI and its analogs are the most widely used among them because of their typically extremely low cytotoxicity. DiI is also frequently used to measure lipoproteins, including HDL and LDL. For determination, the lipophilic radical dye DiA is also frequently utilized. First general protocol. Get the second staining solution ready. Prepare stock solutions in ethanol, dimethylformamide (DMF), or DMSO: Stock solutions should be represented at a concentration of 1–5 mM in ethanol, dimethylformamide (DMF), or DMSO. DMF contains a lot of ethanol and serves as a solvent for Di. It is recommended to aliquot stock solution as required. Aliquot any excess solution, then freeze it at or below -20°C. Do not freeze and thaw repeatedly. The solution has a six-month shelf life. To prepare a working solution, add the stock solution to the appropriate buffer. For instance, you can prepare a working solution of 1 to 5 μM using serum-free medium, HBSS, or PBS. We advise against keeping the storage solution in storage for longer than a day. Note: Working solution 2's ultimate concentration. Cells in suspension a. Centrifuge for three to five minutes at 1000g at 4°C. After washing twice for five minutes each time with PBS, discard the supernatant. The density of cells is 1×106/mL. b. After adding 1 mL of the Di working solution, view C. After centrifuging for three to four minutes at 400 g and 4°C, remove the supernatant. d. Use PBS to wash twice, for five minutes each time. e. Use PBS or serum-free cells to resuspend the cells, then use fluorescence microscopy for five to thirty minutes. 3. Cells that adhere a. On sterile coverslips, cultivate adherent cells. b. Clear the coverslip of the culture medium and use a tiny aspirator to extract a few cells. C. To fully cover the cells, add 100 μL of working solution and shake gently for a duration of 5-30 minutes. d. Apply culture medium twice, giving each wash five minutes. Use flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy to observe.
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References |
[1]. Gan WB, et al. Multicolor "DiOlistic" labeling of the nervous system using lipophilic dye combinations. Neuron. 2000 Aug;27(2):219-25.
[2]. Warren GL, et al. Redistribution of cell membrane probes following contraction-induced injury of mouse soleus muscle. [3]. Bhowmik BB, et al. Photophysical studies of 3,3' dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine dye in model biological membranes and different solvents. Chem Phys Lipids. 2001 Feb;109(2):175-83. [4]. Bhowmik BB, et al. Photophysical studies of 3,3' dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine dye in model biological membranes and different solvents. Chem Phys Lipids. 2001 Feb;109(2):175-83. |
Molecular Formula |
C53H85CLN2O6
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Molecular Weight |
881.70500
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CAS # |
34215-57-1
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Appearance |
Typically exists as solids (or liquids in special cases) at room temperature
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SMILES |
O=Cl(=O)([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN1C(C=CC=C2)=C2O/C1=C/C=C/C(OC3=C4C=CC=C3)=[N+]4CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
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HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMF : 10 mg/mL (~11.34 mM)
DMSO : ~5 mg/mL (~5.67 mM) |
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Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 :Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
1 mM | 1.1342 mL | 5.6708 mL | 11.3416 mL | |
5 mM | 0.2268 mL | 1.1342 mL | 2.2683 mL | |
10 mM | 0.1134 mL | 0.5671 mL | 1.1342 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration: mg/mL;
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation::Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.