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1g |
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2g |
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5g |
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10g |
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Other Sizes |
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Purity: ≥98%
Acarbose sulfate (also known as BAY g 5421 sulfate; trade names: Glucobay; Prandase; Precose) is an anti-diabetic drug used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2 and, in some countries, prediabetes by combining with a proper diet and exercise program to control high blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes. It is a generic sold in Europe and China as Glucobay, in North America as Precose, and in Canada as Prandase. It is cheap and popular in China, but not in the U.S. One physician explains the use in the U.S. is limited because it is not potent enough to justify the side effects of diarrhea and flatulence.
ln Vitro |
The effects of Acarbose (1, 2, and 3 μM) on TNF-α-induced VSMC migration and proliferation were dose- and time-dependent. Acarbose (1, 2 and 3 μM) dose-dependently decreased β-galactosidase and Ras expression while increasing p-AMPK expression in A7r5 cells that had been pretreated with TNF-α [2].
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ln Vivo |
In diabetic rats, acarbose (300 mg/60 kg body weight) can lower fasting blood glucose and control glucose tolerance without causing weight loss. DM rats' blood levels of TNF-α and IL6 are dramatically inhibited by acarbose [1]. Neointimal IL-6, TNF-α, and iNOS staining intensity were considerably and dose-dependently reduced by acarbose (2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg), but neointimal p-AMPK staining intensity was dramatically raised. In HCD-fed rabbits with no weight loss, acarbose (2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg) substantially and dose-dependently decreased neointimal Ras and β-galactosidase expression [2].
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References |
[1]. Hanefeld M, et al. Acarbose: oral anti-diabetes drug with additional cardiovascular benefits [published correction appears in Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2009 Mar;7(3):330]. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2008;6(2):153-163.
[2]. Yee HS, et al. A review of the safety and efficacy of acarbose in diabetes mellitus. Pharmacotherapy. 1996;16(5):792-805. [3]. Oki T, et al. Evaluation of alpha-glucosidase inhibition by using an immobilized assay system. Biol Pharm Bull. 2000;23(9):1084-1087. [4]. Zhang Q, et al. Acarbose Reduces Blood Glucose by Activating miR-10a-5p and miR-664 in Diabetic Rats. PLoS One. 2013 Nov 18;8(11):e79697. [5]. Chan KC, et al. Pleiotropic effects of acarbose on atherosclerosis development in rabbits are mediated via upregulating AMPK signals. Sci Rep. 2016 Dec 7;6:3864 |
Molecular Formula |
C25H45NO22S
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Molecular Weight |
743.683309316635
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CAS # |
1221158-13-9
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Related CAS # |
Acarbose;56180-94-0
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Appearance |
Typically exists as solids (or liquids in special cases) at room temperature
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SMILES |
O[C@@H]1C(CO)=C[C@H](N[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O[C@@H]3[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O[C@@H]4[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]4O)[C@H](O)[C@H]3O)O[C@@H]2C)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O.O=S(O)(O)=O
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Chemical Name |
(2R,3R,4R,5R)-4-(((2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-(((2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-(((1S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohex-2-en-1-yl)amino)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroxyhexanal sulfate
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Synonyms |
BAY-g-5421 sulfate; BAY-g 5421; BAY g-5421 sulfate; Acarbose sulfate; Glucobay; Prandase; Precose
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HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 :Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
1 mM | 1.3447 mL | 6.7233 mL | 13.4466 mL | |
5 mM | 0.2689 mL | 1.3447 mL | 2.6893 mL | |
10 mM | 0.1345 mL | 0.6723 mL | 1.3447 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration: mg/mL;
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation::Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.