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Adenosine diphosphate

Cat No.:V10334 Purity: ≥98%
Adenosine 5'-diphosphate (Adenosine diphosphate) is a nucleoside diphosphate, a product of ATP dephosphorylation by ATPase.
Adenosine diphosphate
Adenosine diphosphate Chemical Structure CAS No.: 58-64-0
Product category: New1
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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Product Description
Adenosine 5'-diphosphate (Adenosine diphosphate) is a nucleoside diphosphate, a product of ATP dephosphorylation by ATPase. Adenosine 5'-diphosphate induces human platelet aggregation and inhibits stimulated adenylate cyclase through action on the P2T-purinergic receptor.
Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
ln Vitro
Adenosine 5'-diphosphate is made up of the nucleobase adenine, a pentose sugar called ribose, and a pyrophosphate group. The end result of ATP dephosphorylation by ATPase is adenosine 5'-diphosphate. Reconverting ADP to ATP is the function of ATP synthase. Within cells, ATP is a crucial component for energy transfer. Numerous cellular functions, such as motility, cell division, respiration, and metabolic activities, depend on adenosine 5'-diphosphate.
References
[1]. Arts IC, et al. Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) supplements are not orally bioavailable: a randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over trial in healthy humans. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012 Apr 17;9(1):16.
[2]. Noel J. Cusack, et al. Effects of phosphate-modified analogs of adenosine 5′-diphosphate and adenosine 5′‐triphosphate at P2T-purinoceptors mediating human platelet activation by ADP. April 1996.
[3]. Adenosine-5'-diphosphate
These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C10H15N5O10P2
Molecular Weight
427.2011
CAS #
58-64-0
Appearance
Typically exists as solids (or liquids in special cases) at room temperature
SMILES
P(=O)(O[H])(OP(=O)(O[H])O[H])OC([H])([H])[C@]1([H])[C@]([H])([C@]([H])([C@]([H])(N2C([H])=NC3=C(N([H])[H])N=C([H])N=C23)O1)O[H])O[H]
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage.
Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
H2O : ~50 mg/mL (~117.04 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)
Solubility in Formulation 1: 100 mg/mL (234.08 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication (<60°C).

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.3408 mL 11.7041 mL 23.4082 mL
5 mM 0.4682 mL 2.3408 mL 4.6816 mL
10 mM 0.2341 mL 1.1704 mL 2.3408 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

Calculator

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An example of molarity calculation using the molarity calculator is shown below:
What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?
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  • The answer of 17.513 mg appears in the Mass box. In a similar way, you may calculate the volume and concentration.

Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
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  • The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box
g/mol

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Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Clinical Trial Information
NCT Number Recruitment interventions Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT01557335 Completed Drug: Plavix® and PA32540 Platelet Aggregation POZEN November 2010 Phase 1
NCT02699008 Completed Drug: Clopidogrel
Drug: Ticagrelor
Acute Coronary Syndrome Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital January 2014 Not Applicable
NCT01088503 Completed Has Results Drug: ADP receptor inhibitors Acute Coronary Syndrome Eli Lilly and Company March 2010
NCT01129375 Completed Drug: clopidogrel
Drug: placebo
Healthy Sanofi February 2009 Phase 1
Biological Data
  • Uric acid concentrations in healthy volunteers after oral ATP or placebo supplementation. A single dose of 5000 mg ATP or placebo was administered via proximal-release pellets, distal-release pellets, or naso-duodenal tube. Data are presented as percentage increase from the mean of three blood samples taken before administration. Values are means ± SEM, n = 8.
  • Release of ATP and metabolites from enteric coated supplement after dissolution testing. Release of ATP and its metabolites as a percentage of the release at 180 min for proximal-release pellets (closed symbols) and distal-release pellets (open symbols), after 120 min in 0.1 N HCl, and subsequently 60 min in buffer solutions with either pH 6.5 (proximal-release pellets) or 7.4 (distal-release pellets). Data were obtained by the reciprocating cylinder method (USP apparatus 3). Values are means ± SEM, n = 3.
  • Plasma lithium concentrations in healthy volunteers after administration of supplement containing 60 mg Li2CO3. A single dose of 5000 mg ATP or placebo with 60 mg Li2CO3 was administered via proximal-release pellets or distal-release pellets. Values are means ± SEM, n = 8.
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