| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| 500mg | ||
| 1g | ||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
β-adrenergic receptor
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
The investigation was undertaken to study the stereoselective protein binding of alprenolol in renal disease patient sera, compared to that in the sera of healthy volunteers. The in vitro stereoselective protein binding of beta-blockers was determined in undiluted serum and in isolated alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP) solutions by ultrafiltration. The stereoselctive serum protein binding of alprenolol, a beta-adrenergic blocking agent, in healthy volunteers was significantly altered in renal disease patients. We investigated the effects of AGP concentration and endogenous substances, including uremic toxins, on the stereoselective protein binding of alprenolol in renal disease patients. A good correlation between the unbound (R)/(S) ratio (F(R)/F(S) ratio), an apparent index of stereoselectivity in alprenolol serum binding and AGP concentration in serum, was found. However, stereoselective protein binding was not influenced by endogenous substances. This result can be explained by the difference in binding affinities of (R) and (S)-isomers of alprenolol to AGP. We conclude that the stereoselective protein binding of alprenolol in healthy volunteers and renal disease patients varies as a result of changes in AGP concentration. Accordingly, these findings might be useful in alprenolol therapy in renal disease patients.[1]
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 76 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY); BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD; LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology., 17(235), 1973 [PMID:4151009]
|
| References |
[1]. Stereoselective protein binding of alprenolol in the renal diseased state. Chirality. 2002 Jul;14(7):599-603.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C15H23NO2.HCL
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
285.80956
|
| Exact Mass |
285.15
|
| Elemental Analysis |
C, 63.04; H, 8.46; Cl, 12.40; N, 4.90; O, 11.20
|
| CAS # |
15020-61-8
|
| PubChem CID |
203684
|
| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
|
| Boiling Point |
383.4ºC at 760mmHg
|
| Flash Point |
185.7ºC
|
| Vapour Pressure |
1.46E-06mmHg at 25°C
|
| LogP |
3.345
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
19
|
| Complexity |
231
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
|
| SMILES |
Cl.C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1OC[C@@H](CNC(C)C)O
|
| InChi Key |
RRCPAXJDDNWJBI-PFEQFJNWSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C15H23NO2.ClH/c1-4-7-13-8-5-6-9-15(13)18-11-14(17)10-16-12(2)3;/h4-6,8-9,12,14,16-17H,1,7,10-11H2,2-3H3;1H/t14-;/m1./s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(2R)-1-(propan-2-ylamino)-3-(2-prop-2-enylphenoxy)propan-2-ol;hydrochloride
|
| Synonyms |
Alprenolol hydrochloride, (R)-; d-Alprenolol hydrochloride; (+)-Alprenolol hydrochloride; 15020-61-8; UNII-674C705RYU; (+)-H56/28; 674C705RYU; 2-Propanol, 1-((1-methylethyl)amino)-3-(2-(2-propenyl)phenoxy)-, hydrochloride, (R)-;
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.4988 mL | 17.4941 mL | 34.9883 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6998 mL | 3.4988 mL | 6.9977 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3499 mL | 1.7494 mL | 3.4988 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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