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AUDA

Cat No.:V11889 Purity: ≥98%
AUDA is a novel and potent epoxide hydrolase inhibitor
AUDA
AUDA Chemical Structure CAS No.: 479413-70-2
Product category: New1
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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Product Description

AUDA is a novel and potent soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity. It exhibts IC50s of 18 and 69 nM for the mouse and human sEH, respectively.

Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
ln Vitro
Rat VSMCs exposed to PDGF are inhibited in their proliferation in a dose-dependent manner by AUDA (0.3-10 μg/mL; 48 hours) [2]. COX-2 expression is dose-dependently upregulated by AUDA (0.3–10 μg/mL; 30 minutes) [2]. HCAEC's ability to migrate is improved by AUDA (10, 50, and 100 μM) in a dose-dependent way [3]. The capacity of HCAECs to adhere is greatly enhanced by AUDA [3].
ln Vivo
AUDA (ip; 10 mg/kg; 14 days) lowers the expression levels of IL-1β, MMP-9, and TNF-α [3].
Cell Assay
Cell proliferation assay [2]
Cell Types: Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC)
Tested Concentrations: 0.3, 1, 3, 10 μg/mL
Incubation Duration: 48 hrs (hours)
Experimental Results: The proliferation of rat VSMCs exposed to PDGF was dose-dependently inhibited.

Western Blot Analysis[2]
Cell Types: VSMC
Tested Concentrations: 1, 3, 10, 30 μg/mL
Incubation Duration: 30 minutes
Experimental Results: COX-2 expression was up-regulated in a dose-dependent manner.
Animal Protocol
Animal/Disease Models: Male (wild-type) C57BL/6 mice (age, 4-6 weeks; body weight, 18-20 g) [3]
Doses: 10 mg/kg
Route of Administration: intraperitoneal (ip) injection; 14-day
Experimental Results: TNF -α, MMP-9 and IL-1β expression levels were diminished.
References

[1]. Structural refinement of inhibitors of urea-based soluble epoxide hydrolases.Biochem Pharmacol. 2002 May 1;63(9):1599-608.

[2]. Differential Effects of sEH Inhibitors on the Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Dec 11;18(12).

[3]. Vascular repair and anti-inflammatory effects of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor.Exp Ther Med. 2019 May;17(5):3580-3588.

Additional Infomation
AUDA is a medium-chain fatty acid.
These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C23H40N2O3
Molecular Weight
392.575306892395
Exact Mass
392.303
CAS #
479413-70-2
PubChem CID
10069117
Appearance
White to off-white solid powder
Density
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point
592.7±19.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point
312.3±21.5 °C
Vapour Pressure
0.0±3.6 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction
1.534
LogP
5.61
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
3
Rotatable Bond Count
13
Heavy Atom Count
28
Complexity
479
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
InChi Key
XLGSEOAVLVTJDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C23H40N2O3/c26-21(27)10-8-6-4-2-1-3-5-7-9-11-24-22(28)25-23-15-18-12-19(16-23)14-20(13-18)17-23/h18-20H,1-17H2,(H,26,27)(H2,24,25,28)
Chemical Name
12-(1-adamantylcarbamoylamino)dodecanoic acid
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
DMSO : ~125 mg/mL (~318.41 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)
Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.08 mg/mL (5.30 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.30 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.30 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.


 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.5473 mL 12.7363 mL 25.4725 mL
5 mM 0.5095 mL 2.5473 mL 5.0945 mL
10 mM 0.2547 mL 1.2736 mL 2.5473 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

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An example of molarity calculation using the molarity calculator is shown below:
What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?
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  • The answer of 17.513 mg appears in the Mass box. In a similar way, you may calculate the volume and concentration.

Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
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  • The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box
g/mol

Molecular Weight Calculator allows you to calculate the molar mass and elemental composition of a compound, as detailed below:

Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
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Reconstitution Calculator allows you to calculate the volume of solvent required to reconstitute your vial.

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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Biological Data
  • Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitors inhibit platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation by heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) induction and Pin1 suppression. (A,B) Effects of 12-(((tricyclo(3.3.1.13,7)dec-1-ylamino)carbonyl)amino)-dodecanoic acid (AUDA). (A) and 1-cyclohexyl-3-dodecyl urea (CDU). (B) on VSMC proliferation. Rat VSMCs were treated with vehicle control, AUDA (0.3 to 10 μg/mL), or CDU (0.3 to 10 μM) 30 min prior to PDGF (30 ng/mL) exposure. VSMC proliferation was monitored 48 h after PDGF treatment by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay; (C) Effect of AUDA on Pin1 expression in VSMC. Vehicle control or AUDA (1 to 30 μg/mL) was treated 30 min prior to PDGF (30 ng/mL) exposure. Total cell lysates were obtained 24 h after PDGF treatment and subjected to Pin1 immunoblotting (n = 3); (D) Effects of AUDA on HO-1 and Kelch Like ECH Associated Protein 1 (Keap1) expression. VSMCs were incubated with vehicle control or AUDA (0.3 to 30 μg/mL) for 24 h and HO-1 and Keap1 expression was determined by immunoblottings (n = 3).[2]. Differential Effects of sEH Inhibitors on the Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Dec 11;18(12).
  • Differential effects of AUDA and EETs on PDGF-induced VSMC migration. (A) Effect of AUDA on PDGF-induced VSMC migration. Cell migration was determined via Boyden chamber assay in VSMC incubated with vehicle control or 10 μg/mL AUDA for 24 h. Culture media containing 30 ng/mL PDGF was added to the lower chamber as chemoattractant; (B) Effect of EETs on PDGF-induced VSMC migration. VSMCs were incubated with vehicle control, 8,9-EET, 11,12-EET, or 14,15-EET (1 μM, respectively) for 24 h. Cell migration was determined as described in (A). Statistical significance is indicated as * p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001 vs. PDGF-treated group.[2]. Differential Effects of sEH Inhibitors on the Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Dec 11;18(12).
  • Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) upregulation by sEH inhibitors and its role in VSMC migration. (A,B) COX-2 upregulation by sEH inhibitors. VSMCs were preincubated with vehicle control, AUDA ((A), 1–30 μg/mL), or CDU ((B), 1–30 μM) for 30 min, and then stimulated with 30 ng/mL PDGF for 8 h. The total cell lysates were subjected to COX-2 immunoblotting (n = 3); (C) PGE2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Rat VSMCs were preincubated with vehicle control or AUDA (10 μg/mL) in the presence or absence of celecoxib (0.1–10 μM) for 30 min and then exposed to 30 ng/mL PDGF for 24 h. The secreted PGE2 levels in culture media were quantified by ELISA; (D) Effect of COX-2 inhibitor on VSMC migration. Cell migration was determined via Boyden chamber assay of VSMC incubated with vehicle control or 10 μg/mL AUDA with or without 1 μM celecoxib for 24 h. Culture media containing 30 ng/mL PDGF was added to the lower chamber as chemoattractant; (E) Effects of Celecoxib on VSMC proliferation. Rat VSMCs were preincubated with vehicle control or AUDA (10 μg/mL) in the presence or absence of celecoxib (0.1–10 μM) for 30 min and exposed to PDGF (30 ng/mL) for 48 h. VSMC proliferation was determined by MTT assay. Statistical significance is indicated as * p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001 vs. vehicle-treated control; # p < 0.05; ### p < 0.001 vs. PDGF-treated group; § p < 0.05; §§ p < 0.01 vs. PDGF + AUDA-treated group.[2]. Differential Effects of sEH Inhibitors on the Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Dec 11;18(12).
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