Avobenzone (EC50=14.1 μM) encourages adipogenesis in hBM-MSCs significantly, with obesogenic chemicals serving as the positive control. During adipogenesis in hBM-MSCs, avobenzone (10 μM) significantly upregulates PPARγ mRNA levels[2].
Avobenzone (1-50 μM; 48 hours) inhibits human trophoblast cells' ability to proliferate[3].
Avobenzone (1-50 μM; 48 hours) brings HTR8/SVneo cells to apoptosis[3].
Avobenzone only demonstrates weak AR antagonistic and ERa agonism[4].

Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Solvents used in sunscreen products affect the stability and binding of the drug to the skin; in general, alcoholic solvents allow for the most rapid and deepest epidermal penetration of sunscreens. It appears that sunscreen agents are absorbed by the intact epidermis to varying degrees. /Sunscreens/

Interactions
Diminish the penetration of ultraviolet (UV) light through the epidermis by absorbing UV radiation within a specific wavelength range. The amount and wavelength of UV radiation absorbed are affected by the molecular structure of the sunscreen agent. /Sunscreen agents, topical/

[1]. A new insight into the photochemistry of avobenzone in gas phase and acetonitrile from ab initio calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2016;18(32):22168-22178.

[2]. A long-wave UVA filter avobenzone induces obesogenic phenotypes in normal human epidermal keratinocytes and mesenchymal stem cells. Arch Toxicol. 2019;93(7):1903-1915.

[3]. Avobenzone suppresses proliferative activity of human trophoblast cells and induces apoptosis mediated by mitochondrial disruption. Reprod Toxicol. 2018;81:50-57.

[4]. Interaction of polycyclic musks and UV filters with the estrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR), and progesterone receptor (PR) in reporter gene bioassays. Toxicol Sci. 2005;83(2):264-272.

Avobenzone is a member of dihydrochalcones.
Avobenzone is dibenzoyl methane derivative. It is oil soluble ingredient. Avobenzone has the ability to absorb ultraviolet light over wider range of wavelengths. It is included in many commercially available sunscreens which are used as wide spectrum sunscreens. Avobenzone is very sensitive to light, to increase its stability and duration of action, photostablizers are added in the sunscreen product. Avobenzone has an absorption maximum of 357 nm. Sunscreens containing avobenzone is indicated for providing protection from the sun. In addition to limiting the skin's exposure to the sun, using sunscreen agents may help reduce long-term sun damage such as premature aging of the skin and skin cancer.
Avobenzone is a sunscreen blocker. Avobenzone is a topical, broad range UV protector and blocks UVA I, UVA II, and UVB wavelengths, thereby limiting the impact of UV rays on skin. (NCI05)
See also: Avobenzone; ecamsule; octocrylene (component of); Avobenzone; Octinoxate; Oxybenzone (component of); Avobenzone; Octinoxate (component of) ... View More ...

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Drug Indication
Sun protection factor, added in the sunscreen products for its wide spectrum ultraviolet absorption properties.

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Mechanism of Action
It blocks UVA I, UVA II, and UVB wavelengths, thereby limiting the impact of UV rays on skin. Diminish the penetration of ultraviolet (UV) light through the epidermis by absorbing UV radiation within a specific wavelength range. The amount and wavelength of UV radiation absorbed are affected by the molecular structure of the sunscreen agent.
Diminish the penetration of ultraviolet (UV) light through the epidermis by absorbing UV radiation within a specific wavelength range. The amount and wavelength of UV radiation absorbed are affected by the molecular structure of the sunscreen agent. /Sunscreen agents, topical/

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Therapeutic Uses
Daily use of a sunscreen with a high SPF (greater than 15) on usually exposed skin is recommended for residents of areas of high ... /solar radiation/ who work outdoors or ... /enjoy/ regular outdoor recreation. Daily use of a sunscreen can reduce the cumulative ... /solar/ exposure that causes actinic keratoses and squamous-cell carcinoma.
Sunscreen agents are indicated for the prevention of sunburn. In addition to limiting the skin's exposure to the sun, using sunscreen agents regularly when in the sun may help reduce long-term sun damage such as premature aging of the skin and skin cancer. /Sunscreen agents, topical; Included in US product labeling/
Sunscreen preparations should be applied uniformly and generously to all exposed skin surfaces, including lips, before exposure to UVB radiation. Two applications of the sunscreen may be needed for maximum protection. PABA-containing sunscreens are most effective when applied 1-2 hours before exposure to sunlight. Sunscreen products that are not water resistant should be reapplied after swimming, towel-drying, or profuse sweating and, because most sunscreens are easily removed from the skin, reapplication every 1-2 hours or according to the manufacturer's directions usually is required to provide adequate protection from UVB light. /Sunscreens/

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Drug Warnings
The manufacturers of sunscreen preparations with propellants warn that concentrating and subsequently inhaling the fumes from these preparations may be harmful or fatal. /Propellants/
Because the absorptive characteristics of skin of children younger than 6 months of age may differ from those of adults and because the immaturity of metabolic and excretory pathways of these children may limit their ability to eliminate any percutaneously absorbed sunscreen agent, sunscreen products should be used in children younger than 6 months of age only as directed by a clinician. It is possible that the characteristics of geriatric skin also differ from those of skin in younger adults, but these characteristics and the need for special considerations regarding use of sunscreen preparations in this age group are poorly understood. /Sunscreens/
Little information is available regarding the safety of chronic sunscreen usage, but commercially available physical and chemical sunscreens appear to have a low incidence of adverse effects. Derivatives of PABA, benzophenone, cinnamic acid, and salicylate and 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid have caused skin irritation including burning, stinging, pruritus, and erythema on rare occasions. /Sunscreens/
Sunscreens should not be used as a means of extending the duration of solar exposure, such as prolonging sunbathing, and should not be used as a substitute for clothing on usually unexposed sites, such as the trunk and buttocks. /Sunscreens/
For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for AVOBENZONE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

C20H22O3

310.39

310.156

C, 77.39; H, 7.14; O, 15.46

70356-09-1

Avobenzone-13C,d3

51040

White to light yellow crystalline powder

1.1±0.1 g/cm3

463.6±35.0 °C at 760 mmHg

81-84 °C

203.1±26.0 °C

0.0±1.1 mmHg at 25°C

1.545

4.81

0

3

6

23

405

0

O=C(C1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1)CC(C2=CC=C(OC)C=C2)=O

XNEFYCZVKIDDMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C20H22O3/c1-20(2,3)16-9-5-14(6-10-16)18(21)13-19(22)15-7-11-17(23-4)12-8-15/h5-12H,13H2,1-4H3

1-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-dione

HSDB 7423; HSDB-7423; HSDB7423; Avobenzone; Avobenzonum; Parsol1789; Parsol-1789; Parsol 1789

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage.  (2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture.

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.5 mg/mL (8.05 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.05 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.

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 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)