Cefotaxime's minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for Vibrio vulnificus CMCP6 is 0.0625 mg/L [4].

Compared to earlier regimens, the combination of ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime is more successful in removing V. vulnificus from the body [4].

Animal/Disease Models: Female, specific pathogen-free, 8weeks old balb/c (Bagg ALBino) mouse [4].
Doses: 30 mg/kg. Management: IP every 6 hrs (hrs (hours)).
Experimental Results: The number of viable bacteria in the liver of mice in the cefotaxime + ciprofloxacin treatment group was lower than that in the cefotaxime alone group (P<0.001 at 24 hrs (hrs (hours)) and 48 hrs (hrs (hours))).

Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Rapidly absorbed following intramuscular injection.
Approximately 20-36% of an intravenously administered dose of 14C-cefotaxime is excreted by the kidney as unchanged cefotaxime and 15-25% as the desacetyl derivative, the major metabolite.

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Metabolism / Metabolites
Approximately 20-36% of an intravenously administered dose of 14C-cefotaxime is excreted by the kidney as unchanged cefotaxime and 15-25% as the desacetyl derivative, the major metabolite. The desacetyl metabolite has been shown to contribute to the bactericidal activity. Two other urinary metabolites (M2 and M3) account for about 20-25%. They lack bactericidal activity.

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Biological Half-Life
Approximately 1 hour.

Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation
Cefotaxime is no longer marketed in the United States. Limited information indicates that cefotaxime produces low levels in milk that are not expected to cause adverse effects in breastfed infants. Occasionally disruption of the infant's gastrointestinal flora, resulting in diarrhea or thrush have been reported with cephalosporins, but these effects have not been adequately evaluated. Cefotaxime is acceptable in nursing mothers.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants
Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk
Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.

[1]. In vivo efficacy of the combination of ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime against Vibrio vulnificus sepsis. PLoS One. 2014 Jun 30;9(6):e101118.

[2]. A comparison of the prophylactic efficacy of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime in abdominal surgery. Am J Surg. 2003 Jan;185(1):45-9.

[3]. Prospective comparison of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime for the short-term treatment of bacterial meningitis in children. Chemotherapy. 1998 Mar-Apr;44(2):142-7.

[4]. Differences between ceftriaxone and cefotaxime: microbiological inconsistencies. Ann Pharmacother. 2008 Jan;42(1):71-9.

[5]. Use of cefotaxime, a beta-lactamase stable cephalosporin, in the therapy of serious infections, including those due to multiresistant organisms. Am J Med. 1981 Sep;71(3):435-42.

Cefotaxime is a cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups. It has a role as a drug allergen and an antibacterial drug. It is a member of 1,3-thiazoles, an oxime O-ether and a cephalosporin. It is a conjugate acid of a cefotaxime(1-).
Cefotaxime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Like other third-generation cephalosporins, it has broad spectrum activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. In most cases, it is considered to be equivalent to ceftriaxone in terms of safety and efficacy. Cefotaxime sodium is marketed under various trade names including Claforan (Sanofi-Aventis).
Cefotaxime is a Cephalosporin Antibacterial.
Cefotaxime has been reported in Melodinus cochinchinensis with data available.
Cefotaxime is a third generation semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cefotaxime inhibits mucopeptide synthesis by binding to and inactivating penicillin binding proteins thereby interfering with the final transpeptidation step required for cross-linking of peptidoglycan units which are a component of bacterial cell walls. This results in a reduction of cell wall stability and causes cell lysis.
Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin.
See also: Cefotaxime Sodium (has salt form).

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Drug Indication
Used to treat gonorrhoea, meningitis, and severe infections including infections of the kidney (pyelonephritis) and urinary system. Also used before an operation to prevent infection after surgery.
FDA Label

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Mechanism of Action
The bactericidal activity of cefotaxime results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis via affinity for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). Cefotaxime shows high affinity for penicillin-binding proteins in the cell wall including PBP Ib and PBP III.

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Pharmacodynamics
Cefotaxime is a third generation intravenous cephalosporin antibiotic. It has broad spectrum activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. It does not have activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Cefotaxime works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. A positive feature of cefotaxime is that it display a resistance to penicillinases and is useful to treat infections that are resistant to penicillin derivatives.

455.056

63527-52-6

Cefotaxime sodium;64485-93-4

5742673

White to off-white solid powder

1.8±0.1 g/cm3

162-163℃

1.779

1.2

3

12

8

30

833

2

CC(OCC1=C(N2C([C@@H](NC(/C(/C3=CSC(N3)=N)=N\OC)=O)[C@H]2SC1)=O)C(O)=O)=O

GPRBEKHLDVQUJE-QSWIMTSFSA-N

InChI=1S/C16H17N5O7S2/c1-6(22)28-3-7-4-29-14-10(13(24)21(14)11(7)15(25)26)19-12(23)9(20-27-2)8-5-30-16(17)18-8/h5,10,14H,3-4H2,1-2H3,(H2,17,18)(H,19,23)(H,25,26)/b20-9-/t10-,14-/m1/s1

(6R,7R)-3-(acetyloxymethyl)-7-[[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetyl]amino]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid

Cephotaxime RU-24662 RU24662

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

DMSO : ~250 mg/mL (~548.88 mM)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.57 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.57 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.57 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.

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 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)