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Purity: ≥98%
CHIR-090 (CHIR090), a novel N-aroyl-l-threonine hydroxamic acid and antibiotic, is a highly potent, slow, and tight-binding inhibitor of the LpxC deacetylase from the hyperthermophile Aquifex aeolicus. LpxC is a deacetylase involved in the biosynthesis of LPS lipid A. CHIR-090 has excellent antibiotic activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, as judged by disk diffusion assays. CHIR-090 is also a two-step slow, tight-binding inhibitor of E. coli LpxC with Ki = 4.0 nM, Ki* = 0.5 nM, k5 = 1.9 min-1, and k6 = 0.18 min-1. CHIR-090 at low nanomolar levels inhibits LpxC orthologues from diverse Gram-negative pathogens, including P. aeruginosa, Neisseria meningitidis, and Helicobacter pylori. In contrast, CHIR-090 is a relatively weak competitive and conventional inhibitor (lacking slow, tight-binding kinetics) of LpxC from Rhizobium leguminosarum (Ki = 340 nM), a Gram-negative plant endosymbiont that is resistant to this compound.
| Targets |
Escherichia coli LpxC(Ki= 4 nM)
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| ln Vitro |
Disk diffusion assays have demonstrated that CHIR-090 has excellent antibiotic activity against P. aeruginosa and E. coli. It is a potent, slow, tight-binding inhibitor of the LpxC deacetylase from the hyperthermophile Aquifex aeolicus. Another two-step slow, tight-binding inhibitor of Escherichia coli LpxC with a Ki value of 4 nM is CHIR-090. Low nanometer concentrations of CHIR-090 inhibit LpxC orthologues from a variety of Gram-negative pathogens, such as Helicobacter pylori, Neisseria meningitidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.On the other hand, Rhizobium leguminosarum (Ki=340 nM), a Gram-negative plant endosymbiont that is resistant to this compound, is resistant to LpxC from CHIR-090, a relatively weak competitive and conventional inhibitor (lacking slow, tight-binding kinetics). An E. Coli construct resistant to CHIR-090 up to 100 μg/mL, or 400 times higher than the minimal inhibitory concentration for wild-type E. Coli, has the chromosomal lpxC gene substituted with R. leguminosarum lpxC. The highly effective, slow-acting, tight-binding inhibitor CHIR-090 inhibits Aquifex aeolicus LpxC, whose sequence is 31% identical to that of E. coli LpxC. Disk diffusion assays have demonstrated that CHIR-090 possesses antibiotic activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa that is comparable to that of ciprofloxacin[1].
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| ln Vivo |
Strong against E. coli, CHIR-090 suppresses E. coli LpxC activity in vitro at low nanometers (nM). Without prior chemical mutagenesis, E. Coli W3110 colonies resistant to 1 μg/mL CHIR-090 are not observed. On LB agar plates containing 1 to 10 μg/mL CHIR-090, a strain of E. coli W3110 can grow, exceeding the MIC of 0.25 μg/mL for wild-type E. coli W3110 by 4 to 40 times. In the presence of 1 μg/mL CHIR-090, W3110RL doubles in 40 minutes, which is precisely the same rate as wild-type in the absence of inhibitor. After roughly two hours in the presence of 1 μg/mL CHIR-090, wild-type cells stopped growing[1].
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| Enzyme Assay |
Disk diffusion is done, but each filter contains 10 μg of each antibiotic compound. Cells from overnight cultures are inoculated into 50 mL portions of LB broth at an A600 of 0.02 and grown with shaking at 30°C to assess growth in liquid medium in the presence of CHIR-090. Once the A600 reaches 0.15, 6 μL of 500 μg/mL CHIR-090 in DMSO or 6 μL of DMSO are added to the parallel cultures. When the A600 hits0.4, cultures are kept in log phase growth by 10-fold dilution into pre-warmed medium with the same concentrations of DMSO or DMSO/CHIR-090. This allows for the assessment of cumulative growth. When inoculating at an initial density of A600=0.01, the minimal inhibitory concentration is the lowest antibiotic concentration at which no detectable bacterial growth is seen in LB medium containing 1% DMSO (v/v). Cultures are incubated with CHIR-090 for 24 hours at 30°C while being shaken. Triplicates of each experiment are carried out[1].
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| Animal Protocol |
1 to 10 μg/mL
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| References |
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| Molecular Formula |
C24H27N3O5
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| Molecular Weight |
437.49
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| Exact Mass |
437.20
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 65.89; H, 6.22; N, 9.60; O, 18.28
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| CAS # |
728865-23-4
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| Related CAS # |
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder.
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| SMILES |
O=C(N[C@@H]([C@H](O)C)C(NO)=O)C1=CC=C(C#CC2=CC=C(CN3CCOCC3)C=C2)C=C1
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| InChi Key |
FQYBTYFKOHPWQT-VGSWGCGISA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C24H27N3O5/c1-17(28)22(24(30)26-31)25-23(29)21-10-8-19(9-11-21)3-2-18-4-6-20(7-5-18)16-27-12-14-32-15-13-27/h4-11,17,22,28,31H,12-16H2,1H3,(H,25,29)(H,26,30)/t17-,22+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
N-[(2S,3R)-3-hydroxy-1-(hydroxyamino)-1-oxobutan-2-yl]-4-[2-[4-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)phenyl]ethynyl]benzamide
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| Synonyms |
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
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| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : 4~5 mg/mL ( 9.14~11.43 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (1.14 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 5.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (1.14 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 5.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (1.14 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 10% DMSO+40% PEG300+5% Tween-80+45% Saline: ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (1.14 mM) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.2858 mL | 11.4288 mL | 22.8577 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4572 mL | 2.2858 mL | 4.5715 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2286 mL | 1.1429 mL | 2.2858 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Interface between CHIR-090 and LpxC.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2007 Nov 20;104(47):18433-8. |
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LpxC Insert II residues in the hydrophobic passage are critical for CHIR-090 resistance and time-dependent inhibition.
Common features of structurally diverse LpxC inhibitors.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2007 Nov 20;104(47):18433-8. |
Solution structure of theA. aeolicusLpxC–CHIR-090 complex.
The potent Gram-negative selective antibiotic CHIR-090 inhibits LpxC, which catalyzes the committed step of lipid A biosynthesis.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2007 Nov 20;104(47):18433-8. |
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