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D-Alanine

Cat No.:V30856 Purity: ≥98%
D-Alanine (((R)-Alanine)) is a weak agonist of GlyR and PMBA with an EC 50 for GlyR of 9 mM.
D-Alanine
D-Alanine Chemical Structure CAS No.: 338-69-2
Product category: New2
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Size Price
100mg
500mg
Official Supplier of:
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Product Description
D-Alanine (((R)-Alanine)) is a weak agonist of GlyR and PMBA with an EC 50 for GlyR of 9 mM.
Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
ln Vitro
In neonatal rats, D-alanine causes dose-dependent depolarization of motor neurons [2].
ln Vivo
Mice's prepulse inhibition deficit caused by dizozepine (0.1 mg/kg) is alleviated when D-alanine (100 mg/kg, oral) is coupled with CBIO (30 mg/kg) [3].
References

[1]. Pharmacology of the inhibitory glycine receptor: agonist and antagonist actions of amino acids and piperidine carboxylic acid compounds. Mol Pharmacol. 1995 Nov;48(5):919-27.

[2]. A novel antagonist, phenylbenzene omega-phosphono-alpha-amino acid, for strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors in the rat spinal cord. Br J Pharmacol. 1994 Sep;113(1):165-70.

[3]. Effects of D-Amino Acid Oxidase Inhibitor on the Extracellular D-Alanine Levels and the Efficacy of D-Alanine on Dizocilpine-Induced Prepulse Inhibition Deficits in Mice. The Open Clinical Chemistry Journal, 2009, 2: 16-21.

Additional Infomation
D-alanine is the D-enantiomer of alanine. It has a role as a human metabolite, an EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor and an Escherichia coli metabolite. It is a D-alpha-amino acid and an alanine. It is a conjugate base of a D-alaninium. It is a conjugate acid of a D-alaninate. It is an enantiomer of a L-alanine. It is a tautomer of a D-alanine zwitterion.
The D-enantiomer of alanine.
D-Alanine is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655).
D-alanine has been reported in Euphorbia prostrata, Pinus densiflora, and other organisms with data available.
A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
See also: Alanine (annotation moved to).
These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C3H7NO2
Molecular Weight
89.0932
Exact Mass
89.047
CAS #
338-69-2
Related CAS #
26701-36-0
PubChem CID
71080
Appearance
White to off-white solid powder
Density
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point
212.9±23.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point
278-282ºC
Flash Point
82.6±22.6 °C
Vapour Pressure
0.1±0.9 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction
1.460
LogP
-0.68
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
3
Rotatable Bond Count
1
Heavy Atom Count
6
Complexity
61.8
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
1
SMILES
C[C@H](C(=O)O)N
InChi Key
QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-UWTATZPHSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C3H7NO2/c1-2(4)3(5)6/h2H,4H2,1H3,(H,5,6)/t2-/m1/s1
Chemical Name
(2R)-2-aminopropanoic acid
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
H2O : ~120 mg/mL (~1346.95 mM)
DMSO :< 1 mg/mL
Solubility (In Vivo)
Solubility in Formulation 1: 50 mg/mL (561.23 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 11.2246 mL 56.1230 mL 112.2460 mL
5 mM 2.2449 mL 11.2246 mL 22.4492 mL
10 mM 1.1225 mL 5.6123 mL 11.2246 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

Calculator

Molarity Calculator allows you to calculate the mass, volume, and/or concentration required for a solution, as detailed below:

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An example of molarity calculation using the molarity calculator is shown below:
What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?
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  • The answer of 17.513 mg appears in the Mass box. In a similar way, you may calculate the volume and concentration.

Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
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  • The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box
g/mol

Molecular Weight Calculator allows you to calculate the molar mass and elemental composition of a compound, as detailed below:

Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
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Definitions of molecular mass, molecular weight, molar mass and molar weight:
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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

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