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Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Corticosteroid (Kd = 0.3 nM)
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| ln Vitro |
By means of a metered atomizing spray pump, fluticasone furoate is applied locally to the nasal mucosa as an aqueous suspension of micronized fluticasone furoate in the form of a nasal spray [1]. Inappropriate stimulation of cultured human lung epithelial cells can be efficiently prevented by fluticasone furoate [1].
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| ln Vivo |
In vitro, fluticasone furoate is 99.4% bound to oxidants, and additional research has demonstrated that the drug's effects are wide-ranging when it is absorbed. Because only unbound oxidant medications are able to act at the receptor site, proteins are extremely important. Fluticasone furoate is primarily cleared from the body by cytochrome P450 isoenzyme (CYP) 3A4, which processes the medication and transforms it into 17β-sulfamate (M10), a drug that effectively binds to the hypoglycemic hormone receptor. ..Only a small amount of fluticasone furoate is excreted in the feces, which is where it is mostly excreted [1].
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| Enzyme Assay |
Fluticasone furonate has high receptor affinity, with low equilibrium dissociation constant (kd = 0.3 nmol/L) and with greater relative receptor affinity (2989) than mometasone furoate (2244), fluticasone propionate (1775), beclomethasone-17-monopropionate (1345), ciclesonide active principle (1212), and budesonide (855)[1].
Some in vitro studies showed that FF displayed greater potency than other corticosteroids in inhibiting tumor necrosis factor synthesis and action. It was also more potent in preventing damage to cultured human lung epithelial cells by different stimulus. Experimental studies demonstrated more potent and faster anti-inflammatory activity of FF than fluticasone propionate[1]. |
| Cell Assay |
Asthma is a complex disease with diverse clinical manifestations ranging from mild to severe. Despite existing guidelines for asthma recognition and treatment, still a proportion of patients stay uncontrolled. Combinational therapy which comprises inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and a long acting B2 adrenreceptor agonist (LABA) has been suggested to control asthma. In this study T-bet expression was attested in CD4 T cells treated with Fluticasone Furoate (FF), Vilanterol (V) and FF/V combination in severe asthmatic patients compared to patients with moderate asthma and healthy controls using Immunocytochemistry (ICC). First, CD4 T cells were isolated from PBMCs of 12 patients and controls using CD4 T cell isolation kit. Subsequently, isolated CD4 T cells were cultured with FF, V and FF/V for 1 h. To accomplish ICC, cells were incubated with anti-T-bet antibody, and then stained with HRP-bound secondary antibody. T-bet expression was evaluated using light microscopy. Statistical analyses were performed using R 3.5.2 software and visualized by ggplot2 3.1.0 package. Significant increasing in T-bet expression was seen in CD4 T cells from patients with moderate asthma treated with FF and FF/V. Suggesting conclusion would be distinct mechanisms responsible for severe asthma and moderate asthma in the patients and the needs for novel therapies. Further molecular studies in different asthma phenotypes would be instructive for asthma treatment [2].
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| Animal Protocol |
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent disease with great morbidity and significant societal and economic burden. Intranasal corticosteroids are recommended as first-line therapy for patients with moderate-to-severe disease, especially when nasal congestion is a major component of symptoms. To compare the efficacy and safety profile of different available intranasal corticosteroids for the treatment of AR, it is important to understand their different structures and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. Knowledge of these drugs has increased tremendously over the last decade. Studies have elucidated mechanisms of action, pharmacologic properties, and the clinical impact of these drugs in allergic respiratory diseases. Although the existing intranasal corticosteroids are already highly efficient, the introduction of further improved formulations with a better efficacy/safety profile is always desired. Fluticasone furoate nasal spray is a new topical corticosteroid, with enhanced-affinity and a unique side-actuated delivery device. As it has high topical potency and low potential for systemic effects, it is a good candidate for rhinitis treatment [1].
After single- and multiple-dose intranasal administration, plasma fluticasone furoate concentrations are below the lower limit of quantification in most patients (Allen et al 2007; Hughes et al 2007; Martin 2007). One study showed that only 2% of samples from patients receiving 110 μg of FF had quantifiable plasma drug concentrations (Martin 2007). Systemic bioavailability is determined by the sum of 2 components, including the portion of the drug that is absorbed via the nasal mucosa plus the portion that is swallowed. The last one is the major route for circulation, what makes the first-pass hepatic metabolism after drug absorption in the gastrointestinal tract very important[1]. |
| References |
[1]. Giavina-Bianchi P, et al. Fluticasone furoate nasal spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2008 Apr;4(2):465-72.
[2]. Alizadeh Z, et al. Asthma phenotypes and T-bet protein expression in cells treated with Fluticasone Furoate/Vilanterol. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2020 Feb;60:101886. |
| Additional Infomation |
Fluticasone furoate is a trifluorinated corticosteroid that consists of 6alpha,9-difluoro-11beta,17alpha-dihydroxy-17beta-{[(fluoromethyl)sulfanyl]carbonyl}-16-methyl-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene bearing a 2-furoyl substituent at position 17. Used in combination with vilanterol trifenate for treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It has a role as an anti-allergic agent, a prodrug and an anti-asthmatic drug. It is an 11beta-hydroxy steroid, a corticosteroid, a fluorinated steroid, a steroid ester, a 2-furoate ester, a thioester and a 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid. It is functionally related to a fluticasone. It derives from a hydride of an androstane.
Fluticasone furoate is a synthetic glucocorticoid available as an inhaler and nasal spray for various inflammatory indications. Fluticasone furoate was first approved in 2007. Fluticasone Furoate is the furoate salt form of fluticasone, a synthetic trifluorinated glucocorticoid receptor agonist with anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritic effects. Upon administration, fluticasone binds to and activates glucocorticoid receptor, resulting in the activation of lipocortin. Lipocortin, in turn, inhibits cytosolic phospholipase A2 and the cascade of reactions involved in the synthesis of inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Secondly, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase 1 is induced, which leads to dephosphorylation and inactivation of Jun N-terminal kinase and directly inhibits c-Jun mediated transcription. Finally, transcriptional activity of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa-B is blocked, thereby inhibiting the transcription of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), which is essential for prostaglandin production. View MoreFluticasone furoate is indicated for once-daily maintenance (i.e. prophylactic) treatment of asthma in patients ≥5 years old. Fluticasone furoate is available in two combination medications - one in combination with [vilanterol] and one in combination with both vilanterol and [umeclidinium]- which are both indicated for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and for the treatment of asthma in patients ≥18 years old for the vilanterol-umeclidinium-fluticasone product and ≥5 years old for the vilanterol-fluticasone product. Fluticasone furoate is available over the counter as a nasal spray for the symptomatic treatment of hay fever and other upper respiratory allergies in patients ≥2 years old. Fluticasone furoate is a synthetic trifluorinated corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory activity. Though effective for the treatment of asthma, corticosteroids may not affect symptoms immediately. Individual patients will experience a variable time to onset and degree of symptom relief. Maximum benefit may not be achieved for 1 to 2 weeks or longer after starting treatment. When corticosteroids are discontinued, asthma stability may persist for several days or longer. Trials in subjects with asthma have shown a favorable ratio between topical anti-inflammatory activity and systemic corticosteroid effects with recommended doses of orally inhaled fluticasone furoate. This is explained by a combination of a relatively high local anti-inflammatory effect, negligible oral systemic bioavailability (approximately 1.3%), and the minimal pharmacological activity of the metabolites detected in man. Inhaled fluticasone furoate at repeat doses of up to 400 mcg in healthy subjects was not associated with statistically significant decreases in serum or urinary cortisol in healthy subjects. Reductions in serum and urine cortisol levels were observed at fluticasone furoate exposures several-fold higher than exposures observed at the therapeutic dose. For subjects with asthma, a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial in 104 pediatric subjects showed no difference between once-daily treatment with 50 mcg fluticasone compared with placebo on serum cortisol weighted mean (0 to 24 hours) and serum cortisol AUC(0-24) following 6 weeks of treatment. A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial in 185 subjects with asthma aged 12 to 65 years showed no difference between once-daily treatment with fluticasone furoate/vilanterol 100 mcg/25 mcg or fluticasone furoate/vilanterol 200 mcg/25 mcg compared with placebo on serum cortisol weighted mean (0 to 24 hours), serum cortisol AUC(0-24), and 24-hour urinary cortisol after 6 weeks of treatment, whereas prednisolone 10 mg given once daily for 7 days resulted in significant cortisol suppression. A QT/QTc trial did not demonstrate an effect of fluticasone furoate administration on the QTc interval. The effect of a single dose of 4,000 mcg of orally inhaled fluticasone furoate on the QTc interval was evaluated over 24 hours in 40 healthy male and female subjects in a placebo and positive-controlled (a single dose of 400 mg oral moxifloxacin) cross-over trial. The QTcF maximal mean change from baseline following fluticasone furoate was similar to that observed with placebo with a treatment difference of 0.788 msec (90% CI: -1.802, 3.378). In contrast, moxifloxacin given as a 400-mg tablet resulted in prolongation of the QTcF maximal mean change from baseline compared with placebo with a treatment difference of 9.929 msec (90% CI: 7.339, 12.520). Oral bioavailability from the swallowed portion of the dose is low (approximately 1.3%) due to extensive first-pass metabolism. Following repeat-dose inhaled administration, the plasma elimination phase half-life averaged 24 hours. A study of 24 healthy Caucasian males showed a half-life of 13.6 hours following intravenous administration and 17.3-23.9 hours following inhalation. |
| Molecular Formula |
C27H29O6F3S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
538.57576
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| Exact Mass |
538.16369
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 60.21; H, 5.43; F, 10.58; O, 17.82; S, 5.95
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| CAS # |
397864-44-7
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| Related CAS # |
Fluticasone (propionate);80474-14-2;Fluticasone furoate-d3
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| PubChem CID |
9854489
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
625.2±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
331.9±31.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.9 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.584
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| LogP |
4
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| tPSA |
119.11
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| SMILES |
C[C@@H]1C[C@H]2[C@@H]3C[C@H](F)C4=CC(C=C[C@]4(C)[C@@]3(F)[C@@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@@]1(OC(C5=CC=CO5)=O)C(SCF)=O)=O
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| InChi Key |
XTULMSXFIHGYFS-VLSRWLAYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C27H29F3O6S/c1-14-9-16-17-11-19(29)18-10-15(31)6-7-24(18,2)26(17,30)21(32)12-25(16,3)27(14,23(34)37-13-28)36-22(33)20-5-4-8-35-20/h4-8,10,14,16-17,19,21,32H,9,11-13H2,1-3H3/t14-,16+,17+,19+,21+,24+,25+,26+,27+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(6S,8S,9R,10S,11S,13S,14S,16R,17R)-6,9-difluoro-17-(((fluoromethyl)thio)carbonyl)-11-hydroxy-10,13,16-trimethyl-3-oxo-6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-3H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl furan-2-carboxylate
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| Synonyms |
Avamys; Veramyst; Fluticasone furoate; 397864-44-7; Veramyst; Avamys; Allermist; Furamist; Arnuity Ellipta; Alisade; Allermist
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~185.67 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.64 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.64 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.8567 mL | 9.2837 mL | 18.5673 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3713 mL | 1.8567 mL | 3.7135 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1857 mL | 0.9284 mL | 1.8567 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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