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Gabazine

Cat No.:V9515 Purity: ≥98%
Gabazine is a selective competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors with IC50 of ~0.2 μM for GABA receptors.
Gabazine
Gabazine Chemical Structure CAS No.: 104104-50-9
Product category: New1
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Size Price Stock Qty
5mg
50mg
100mg
Other Sizes
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Product Description
Gabazine is a selective competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors with IC50 of ~0.2 μM for GABA receptors.
Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
ln Vitro
Two drugs that are thought to be competitive inhibitors of GABA binding to GABAA receptors are bucculline and gabazine (SR 95531). When it comes to stopping GABA-generated currents, gabazine works better than bicuculline. Its IC50 is roughly 0.2 μM, and for currents induced by 3 μM GABA, it has a Hill coefficient of 1.0. Gabazine decreased the current induced by 10 μM alphaxalone by roughly 30% when it came to receptors with the wild-type β2 subunit. The gabazine concentration (~0.2 μM) required to generate half of the largest block. Additionally, only a partial current blockage gated by 300 μM pentobarbital was induced by gabazine. Once more, the maximum reduction is roughly 30%, and roughly 0.15 μM of gabazine is needed to form half of the largest block [1].
References

[1]. Bicuculline and gabazine are allosteric inhibitors of channel opening of the GABAA receptor. J Neurosci. 1997 Jan 15;17(2):625-34.

These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C15H17N3O3
Molecular Weight
287.31378
Exact Mass
367.053
CAS #
104104-50-9
PubChem CID
107895
Appearance
White to off-white solid powder
Boiling Point
474.4ºC at 760 mmHg
Melting Point
200 ºC (ethanol )
Flash Point
240.7ºC
Vapour Pressure
8.33E-10mmHg at 25°C
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
5
Rotatable Bond Count
6
Heavy Atom Count
22
Complexity
451
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
InChi Key
GFZHNFOGCMEYTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C15H17N3O3.BrH/c1-21-12-6-4-11(5-7-12)13-8-9-14(16)18(17-13)10-2-3-15(19)20;/h4-9,16H,2-3,10H2,1H3,(H,19,20);1H
Chemical Name
4-[6-imino-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyridazin-1-yl]butanoic acid;hydrobromide
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
H2O : ~100 mg/mL (~271.57 mM)
DMSO : ≥ 75 mg/mL (~203.68 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.79 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.79 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.79 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.


Solubility in Formulation 4: 7.14 mg/mL (19.39 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication (<60°C).

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.4806 mL 17.4028 mL 34.8056 mL
5 mM 0.6961 mL 3.4806 mL 6.9611 mL
10 mM 0.3481 mL 1.7403 mL 3.4806 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

Calculator

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An example of molarity calculation using the molarity calculator is shown below:
What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?
  • Enter 350.26 in the Molecular Weight (MW) box
  • Enter 10 in the Concentration box and choose the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 5 in the Volume box and choose the correct unit (mL)
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer of 17.513 mg appears in the Mass box. In a similar way, you may calculate the volume and concentration.

Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
  • Enter 10 into the Concentration (Start) box and choose the correct unit (mM)
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  • Enter 25 into the Volume (End) box and choose the correct unit (mL)
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  • The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box
g/mol

Molecular Weight Calculator allows you to calculate the molar mass and elemental composition of a compound, as detailed below:

Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
Instructions to calculate molar mass (molecular weight) of a chemical compound:
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Definitions of molecular mass, molecular weight, molar mass and molar weight:
  • Molecular mass (or molecular weight) is the mass of one molecule of a substance and is expressed in the unified atomic mass units (u). (1 u is equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12)
  • Molar mass (molar weight) is the mass of one mole of a substance and is expressed in g/mol.
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Reconstitution Calculator allows you to calculate the volume of solvent required to reconstitute your vial.

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  • The answer appears in the Volume (to add to vial) box
In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Biological Data
  • Bicuculline and gabazine block responses to GABA, pentobarbital, and alphaxalone. The agonists GABA (3 μm,open circles), alphaxalone (10 μm,filled triangles), and pentobarbital (300 μm, inverted open triangles) were applied to cells transfected with α1β2γ2L subunits, in the absence of a blocking drug and then in the presence of various concentrations of bicuculline (A) or gabazine (B). The figure shows the ratio of the response in the presence of a blocker to the response in the same cell in the absence of a blocker. The lines superimposed on the data (dotted lines, 3 μm GABA; solid lines, 10 μmalphaxalone; dashed lines, 300 μmpentobarbital) show predictions derived from fitting an allosteric blocking model to data from receptors containing wild-type subunits (see Results). Symbols show mean for data from two to six cells; error bars represent SD.[1].Ueno S, et al. Bicuculline and gabazine are allosteric inhibitors of channel opening of the GABAA receptor. J Neurosci. 1997 Jan 15;17(2):625-34.
  • Actions of bicuculline and gabazine on alphaxalone-elicited responses of GABAA receptors containing mutated β2 subunits. Relative responses are shown to 10 μm alphaxalone applied to cells containing α1β2γ2L subunits (open circles, dotted lines), α1β2(Y205S)γ2L subunits (filled squares, dashed lines), or α1β2(Y157S)γ2L subunits (filled triangles, solid lines). The data obtained with bicuculline are shown in A, data with gabazine are shown inB. The lines simply connect the points. Also shown are the responses of receptors containing α1β2(Y157S)γ2L subunits to blocker applied in the absence of alphaxalone (open triangles). Symbols show mean for data from two to five cells; error bars represent SD .[1].Ueno S, et al. Bicuculline and gabazine are allosteric inhibitors of channel opening of the GABAA receptor. J Neurosci. 1997 Jan 15;17(2):625-34.
  • Partial agonist action of gabazine on cells expressing α1β2(Y157S)γ2L subunits. The responses of a single cell to applications of 10 μm alphaxalone (top trace, dotted) and 1000, 100, and 10 μm gabazine alone. Calibration in the top panel: 20 pA and 10 sec for all traces.[1].Ueno S, et al. Bicuculline and gabazine are allosteric inhibitors of channel opening of the GABAA receptor. J Neurosci. 1997 Jan 15;17(2):625-34.
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