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| 2mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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Purity: ≥98%
Galeterone (formerly known as NX 41765; TOK001; VN/124-1; NX-41765; VN-1241; TOK-001) is a novel, potent and selective, orally bioavailable CYP17 lyase inhibitor and androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential anticancer activity. It inhibits CYP17 and AR with IC50s of 300 nM and 384 nM, respectively.
| ln Vitro |
Galeterone (TOK-001) inhibits CYP17 lyase with an IC50 of 47 nM [1]. Galeterone (TOK-001) is both a CYP17A1 inhibitor and an androgen receptor antagonist, and the similarity of these binding modes is most likely responsible for its dual mechanism of action.This CYP17A1 binds abiraterone and galeterone (TOK-001) with absorbance decreasing at 402 nm and increasing at 424 nm, consistent with nitrogen binding to the heme iron (type II interaction) with Kd of <100 nM[2]. When LNCaP cells are cultured in medium supplemented with charcoal-stripped serum (CSS, T<1 nM) followed by treatment with increasing concentrations of Galeterone (TOK-001), the steady-state levels of AR protein are markedly decreased (up to 84% at 15 μM Galeterone). In LAPC-4 cells, abiraterone alcohol reduced AR expression more than Galeterone (TOK-001) at concentrations above 1 μM. Treating LNCaP cells with 20 μM TOK-001 for 24 hours reduces AR mRNA levels by 38% [3].
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| ln Vivo |
Galeterone (TOK-001) at a dose of 0.15 mmol/kg is administered subcutaneously twice a day to mice that have been injected with LAPC-4 tumors. On day 31, the average tumor volume was lower in the TOK-001-treated mice than in the control group (p = 0.0001). The administration of galeterone (TOK-001) resulted in a noteworthy decrease in the tumor development rate as compared to the control group (p<0.0001). Following excision, the final tumor weights of animals treated with Galeterone (TOK-001) exhibit a substantial reduction (p<0.05) in comparison to animals treated with control and castration.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Galeterone is a 3-hydroxy steroid. It has a role as an androgen.
Galeterone has been used in trials studying the treatment of Prostate Cancer. Galeterone is an orally bioavailable small-molecule androgen receptor modulator and CYP17 lyase inhibitor with potential antiandrogen activity. Galeterone exhibits three distinct mechanisms of action: 1) as an androgen receptor antagonist, 2) as a CYP17 lyase inhibitor and 3) by decreasing overall androgen receptor levels in prostate cancer tumors, all of which may result in a decrease in androgen-dependent growth signaling. Localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17 (P450C17 or CYP17A1) exhibits both 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities, and plays a key role in the steroidogenic pathway that produces progestins, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, androgens, and estrogens. |
| Molecular Formula |
C26H32N2O
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| Molecular Weight |
388.55
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| Exact Mass |
388.251
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| CAS # |
851983-85-2
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| Related CAS # |
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| PubChem CID |
11188409
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
564.5±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
189-190℃
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| Flash Point |
295.2±32.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.693
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| LogP |
6.28
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
29
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| Complexity |
743
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
6
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| SMILES |
C[C@]12CC[C@@H](CC1=CC[C@@H]3[C@@H]2CC[C@]4([C@H]3CC=C4N5C=NC6=CC=CC=C65)C)O
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| InChi Key |
PAFKTGFSEFKSQG-PAASFTFBSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C26H32N2O/c1-25-13-11-18(29)15-17(25)7-8-19-20-9-10-24(26(20,2)14-12-21(19)25)28-16-27-22-5-3-4-6-23(22)28/h3-7,10,16,18-21,29H,8-9,11-15H2,1-2H3/t18-,19-,20-,21-,25-,26-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(3S,8R,9S,10R,13S,14S)-17-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol
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| Synonyms |
Galeterone; NX41765; NX 41765; TOK001; NX-41765; VN 1241; TOK-001; TOK 001; VN-1241; VN-1241
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
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| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.43 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.43 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.43 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 0.5% hydroxyethyl cellulose: 30 mg/mL |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.5737 mL | 12.8684 mL | 25.7367 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5147 mL | 2.5737 mL | 5.1473 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2574 mL | 1.2868 mL | 2.5737 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT02729376 | Completed | Drug: galeterone | Healthy | LTN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. | March 2016 | Phase 1 |
| NCT04098081 | Recruiting | Drug: galeterone Drug: Gemcitabine |
Advanced Pancreatic Cancer | University of Maryland, Baltimore | December 12, 2019 | Phase 2 |
| NCT02438007 | Terminated | Drug: Galeterone Drug: Enzalutamide |
Prostate Cancer | LTN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. | June 2015 | Phase 3 |
| NCT01709734 | Terminated | Drug: galeterone | Prostate Cancer | LTN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC | December 2012 | Phase 2 |
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