| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
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| ln Vitro |
Citrate exhibited inhibitory effects on HIF in ARPE19 cells and 661W cells when compared to pyramids. comparable to citric acid, which in 661W and ARPE19 cells can inhibit downstream genes including Hif1a. Citric acid has the ability to suppress HIF in ARPE19 and 661W cells. HIF-1α protein expression is increased by inhibiting CoCl2 [2]. Citric acid speeds up energy activation and decreases lipid droplet accumulation in chicken liver cells. Otherwise, citric acid boosts mitochondrial performance and antioxidant status to shield cells against apoptotic ER stress [2].
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|---|---|
| ln Vivo |
Treatment with 100–200 mg/kg of citric acid decreased serum muscle nutrition and blood urea nitrogen, two indicators of renal failure. First, citric acid inhibits inflammatory cytokines including MCP-1, IL-1β, and IL-6 that are generated by calcium oxalate. This is demonstrated by the crystal deposits of calcium oxalate in electrodes treated with citric acid (C57BL/6J electrode). It can lessen the harm that calcium oxalate crystals bring to renal tubules and cell necrosis [1].
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| References |
[1]. Liu X, et al. Hydroxycitric acid inhibits renal calcium oxalate deposition by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Curr Mol Med. 2020 Jan 3.
[2]. Ibuki M, et al. Therapeutic Effect of Garcinia cambogia Extract and Hydroxycitric Acid Inhibiting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor in a Murine Model of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Oct 11;20(20). pii: E5049. [3]. Han S, et al. Hydroxycitric Acid Tripotassium Inhibits Calcium Oxalate Crystal Formation in the Drosophila Melanogaster Model of Hyperoxaluria. Med Sci Monit. 2019 May 17;25:3662-3667. [4]. Heymsfield SB, et al. Garcinia cambogia (hydroxycitric acid) as a potential antiobesity agent: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 1998 Nov 11;280(18):1596-600. |
| Molecular Formula |
C6H7K3O8
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
324.4099
|
| CAS # |
6100-05-6
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| Related CAS # |
Lithium citrate tetrahydrate;6080-58-6;Sodium citrate dihydrate;6132-04-3;Citric acid;77-92-9;Hydroxycitric acid;6205-14-7
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solids (or liquids in special cases) at room temperature
|
| SMILES |
[K+].[K+].[K+].O([H])C(C(=O)[O-])(C([H])([H])C(=O)[O-])C([H])([H])C(=O)[O-].O([H])[H]
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~120 mg/mL (~369.90 mM)
DMSO :< 1 mg/mL |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 100 mg/mL (308.25 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.0825 mL | 15.4126 mL | 30.8252 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6165 mL | 3.0825 mL | 6.1650 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3083 mL | 1.5413 mL | 3.0825 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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