| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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Purity: ≥98%
Limonin (also known as NSC-36508; Obaculactone; limonoate D-ring-lactone and limonoic acid di-delta-lactone), a naturally occurring limonoid, is a hexacyclic triterpenoid isolated in citrus fruits and other plants, which has antivirus and antitumor ability. It is a crystalline, white, bitter substance. It belongs to the chemical class of substances called furanolactones. According to reports, extracts from citrus seeds possess antiviral qualities that prevent retroviruses such as HIV-1 and HTLV-I from replicating. Limonin has also been shown to have neuroprotective properties.
| Targets |
Human Endogenous Metabolite
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| ln Vitro |
Limonin is a citrus fruit-enriched furanolactone with antitumor and antivirus properties. With an EC50 of 60 μM, limonin prevents human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) from replicating in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). (Source: ) In vivo, limonin also demonstrates antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties. [/2] Limonin regulates apoptosis and Wnt signaling to effectively inhibit the growth of human hepatoma HepG2 cells.[3]
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| ln Vivo |
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| Cell Assay |
Limonin inhibits HIV-1 replication in all cellular systems when it is cultivated in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and monocytes/macrophages (M/M). In PBMC cells, this inhibition is dose-dependent and has an EC50 value of 60u μM. Limonin has the ability to induce apoptosis in human hepatoma HepG2 cells, as demonstrated by WB analysis of several apoptosis factors.
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| Additional Infomation |
Limonin is a limonoid, an epoxide, a hexacyclic triterpenoid, a member of furans, an organic heterohexacyclic compound and a lactone. It has a role as a metabolite, an inhibitor and a volatile oil component.
Limonin has been reported in Raulinoa echinata, Citrus tankan, and other organisms with data available. |
| Molecular Formula |
C26H30O8
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| Molecular Weight |
470.51
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| Exact Mass |
470.194
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 66.37; H, 6.43; O, 27.20
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| CAS # |
1180-71-8
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| Related CAS # |
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| PubChem CID |
179651
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
668.4±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
298ºC
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| Flash Point |
358.0±31.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.0 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.602
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| LogP |
1.66
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
8
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
34
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| Complexity |
1010
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
9
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| SMILES |
O1[C@]2([H])C(=O)O[C@@]([H])(C3=C([H])OC([H])=C3[H])[C@]3(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[C@]4([H])[C@@]56C([H])([H])OC(C([H])([H])[C@]5([H])OC(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])[C@]6([H])C([H])([H])C([C@@]4(C([H])([H])[H])[C@]132)=O)=O
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| InChi Key |
KBDSLGBFQAGHBE-MSGMIQHVSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C26H30O8/c1-22(2)15-9-16(27)24(4)14(25(15)12-31-18(28)10-17(25)33-22)5-7-23(3)19(13-6-8-30-11-13)32-21(29)20-26(23,24)34-20/h6,8,11,14-15,17,19-20H,5,7,9-10,12H2,1-4H3/t14-,15-,17-,19-,20+,23-,24-,25+,26+/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(1R,2R,7S,10R,13R,14R,16S,19S,20S)-19-(furan-3-yl)-9,9,13,20-tetramethyl-4,8,15,18-tetraoxahexacyclo[11.9.0.02,7.02,10.014,16.014,20]docosane-5,12,17-trione
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| Synonyms |
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
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| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.42 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.42 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.1254 mL | 10.6268 mL | 21.2535 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4251 mL | 2.1254 mL | 4.2507 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2125 mL | 1.0627 mL | 2.1254 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT02011789 | Completed | Dietary Supplement: Citrus Limonoid Beverage Dietary Supplement: Placebo beverage |
Hypercholesterolemia | USDA, Western Human Nutrition Research Center |
April 2007 | Not Applicable |
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