Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
---|---|---|---|
1g |
|
||
2g |
|
||
5g |
|
||
10g |
|
||
25g |
|
||
Other Sizes |
|
Purity: ≥98%
Melatonin (Circadin; 5-Methoxy-N-acetyltryptamine; NSC-56423; NSC 113928; Regulin), an endogenous indoleamine neurohormone associated with control of the sleep–wake cycle, is a MT receptor agonist used as a dietary supplement for controlling of circadian rhythm. Melatonin is mostly secreted at night by the pineal gland.
Targets |
Microbial Metabolite; Human Endogenous Metabolite
|
||
---|---|---|---|
ln Vitro |
|
||
ln Vivo | |||
Enzyme Assay |
Apart from its potent antioxidant property, recent studies have revealed that melatonin promotes PI3K/Akt phosphorylation following focal cerebral ischemia (FCI) in mice. However, it is not clear (i) whether increased PI3K/Akt phosphorylation is a concomitant event or it directly contributes to melatonin's neuroprotective effect, and (ii) how melatonin regulates PI3K/Akt signaling pathway after FCI. In this study, we showed that Akt was intensively phosphorylated at the Thr308 activation loop as compared with Ser473 by melatonin after FCI. Melatonin treatment reduced infarct volume, which was reversed by PI3K/Akt inhibition. However, PI3K/Akt inhibition did not inhibit melatonin's positive effect on brain swelling and IgG extravasation. Additionally, phosphorylation of mTOR, PTEN, AMPKα, PDK1 and RSK1 were increased, while phosphorylation of 4E-BP1, GSK-3α/β, S6 ribosomal protein were decreased in melatonin treated animals. In addition, melatonin decreased apoptosis through reduced p53 phosphorylation by the PI3K/Akt pathway[1].
|
||
Cell Assay |
Cell lines: HepG2 cells
Concentrations: 1.2 mM Incubation Time: 24 h Method: Cells were treated with various concentrations of drug for 24 h. |
||
Animal Protocol |
|
||
References |
Molecular Formula |
C13H16N2O2
|
|
---|---|---|
Molecular Weight |
232.28
|
|
Exact Mass |
232.12
|
|
Elemental Analysis |
C, 67.22; H, 6.94; N, 12.06; O, 13.78
|
|
CAS # |
73-31-4
|
|
Related CAS # |
Melatonin-d4; 66521-38-8; Melatonin-d3; 90735-69-6; Melatonin-d7; 615251-68-8
|
|
Appearance |
White to light yellow solid powder
|
|
LogP |
1.94
|
|
tPSA |
54.12
|
|
SMILES |
CC(=O)NCCC1=CNC2=C1C=C(C=C2)OC
|
|
InChi Key |
DRLFMBDRBRZALE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
|
InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C13H16N2O2/c1-9(16)14-6-5-10-8-15-13-4-3-11(17-2)7-12(10)13/h3-4,7-8,15H,5-6H2,1-2H3,(H,14,16)
|
|
Chemical Name |
N-[2-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]acetamide
|
|
Synonyms |
|
|
HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
|
Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
|
Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
Solubility (In Vitro) |
|
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.76 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.76 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.76 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.76 mM) (saturation unknown) in 2% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 53% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 5: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.76 mM) (saturation unknown) in 2% DMSO 98% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 6: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (5.38 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 7: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (5.38 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. Solubility in Formulation 8: 5%absolute ethyl alcohol + 95%Corn oil: 2.3mg/ml (9.90mM) |
Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
1 mM | 4.3051 mL | 21.5257 mL | 43.0515 mL | |
5 mM | 0.8610 mL | 4.3051 mL | 8.6103 mL | |
10 mM | 0.4305 mL | 2.1526 mL | 4.3051 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration: mg/mL;
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation::Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
NCT05257291 | Active Recruiting |
Drug: Melatonin | Essential Hypertension | Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale degli Spedali Civili di Brescia |
February 2, 2018 | Phase 2 |
NCT05654415 | Active Recruiting |
Other: Melatonin Other: Deprivation |
Epilepsy | IRCCS National Neurological Institute "C. Mondino" Foundation |
September 1, 2021 | Not Applicable |
NCT01863446 | Active Recruiting |
Device: Lighting1 Device: Lighting2 |
Pregnancy | Brigham and Women's Hospital | May 2013 | Not Applicable |
NCT00512070 | Active Recruiting |
Drug: olanzapine and melatonin | Schizophrenia Bipolar Disorder Obesity |
Seattle Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Research |
July 2007 | Not Applicable |
NCT05042700 | Active Recruiting |
Drug: Melatonin Drug: Placebo |
Low Anterior Resection Syndrome | Ismail Gögenur | October 13, 2021 | Phase 2 |
Therapeutic effect of melatonin in mouse pups on necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Theranostics . 2020 Jun 19;10(17):7730-7746. td> |
Melatonin effects are associated with the lamina propria Th17/Treg balance. Theranostics . 2020 Jun 19;10(17):7730-7746. td> |
Melatonin effects require Th17/Treg balance. Theranostics . 2020 Jun 19;10(17):7730-7746. td> |
Melatonin inhibits cell proliferation. Front Pharmacol . 2022 Sep 26:13:1007006. td> |
Analysis of gene expression changes induced by melatonin. Front Pharmacol . 2022 Sep 26:13:1007006. td> |
Inhibition of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-induced luteinizing hormone (LH) release from neonatal rat gonadotrophs by melatonin. Dispersed cells were attached to culture plates (∼150 000 cells/well) and cultured in 95% air-5% CO2. Physiol Rev . 1998 Jul;78(3):687-721. td> |