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250mg | ||
500mg |
ln Vitro |
Numerous RNA viruses, such as the influenza virus, dengue virus, Zika virus, rotavirus, CCHFV, and hantavirus, are susceptible to the antiviral actions of mycophenolate sodium [1]. The enzyme that limits the pace of de novo guanosine nucleotide synthesis is called IMPDH [2]. Endothelial cells and fibroblasts are the primary targets of the selective antiproliferative effect of mycophenolic acid sodium (0.01-1 μM; 72 h). The most susceptible cells to mycophenolic acid therapy are endothelial cells, whose antimitotic IC50 is less than 500 nM[2]. While fibroblasts have a greater IC50 (<1 μM) than endothelial cells, they are nonetheless vulnerable to mycophenolic acid-induced cell cycle inhibition. A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells and PC3 prostate cancer cells, two human tumor cell lines, demonstrated considerable sensitivity with an IC50 > 1 μM. Up to 1 μM of mycophenolate sodium therapy does not affect U87 glioblastoma cells [2]. There is a dose-dependent down-regulation of HDAC2 and MYC and an up-regulation of NDRG1 when mycophenolic acid (0.05-2 μM; 18 hours) sodium is applied [2].
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ln Vivo |
By controlling the tumor microenvironment, mycophenolic acid (120 mg/kg; oral gavage; bid) sodium exhibits anti-tumor actions, notably inhibiting the formation of U87 tumors in BALB/c nude mice [2].
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Cell Assay |
Cell proliferation assay [2]
Cell Types: primary isolated human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMVEC), fibroblasts, U87 glioblastoma cells, PC3 prostate cancer cells, A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells. Tested Concentrations: 0.01, 0.1, 1 μM Incubation Duration: 72 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: demonstrated preferential antiproliferative activity on HDMVEC and fibroblasts. U87 glioblastoma cells were resistant to treatment, whereas A549 non-small cell lung cancer and PC3 prostate cancer cells demonstrated intermediate sensitivity. Western Blot Analysis[2] Cell Types: HDMVEC Tested Concentrations: 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2 μM Incubation Duration: 18 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Shows dose-dependent regulation of HDAC2, MYC and NDRG1. |
Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Athymic 8weeks old, 20 g BALB/c nu/nu (nude) mice with mycophenolic acid-resistant human U87 tumor model [2]
Doses: 120 mg/kg MMF (mycophenolate mofetil prodrug) Mode of Route of Administration: po (oral gavage); bid Experimental Results: Compared with control mice, MMF (mycophenolate mofetil prodrug) Dramatically inhibited tumor growth in MMF-treated mice (approximately 14 days after tumor implantation) 70%). Microvessel density (CD31 staining) and pericyte coverage measured by α-smooth muscle actin staining were Dramatically diminished in MMF-treated tumors compared with control tumors (44% and 78%, respectively). |
References |
[1]. Stephen R Welch, et al. Screening and Identification of Lujo Virus Inhibitors Using a Recombinant Reporter Virus Platform. Viruses. 2021 Jun 28;13(7):1255.
[2]. Sophie Domhan, et al. Molecular mechanisms of the antiangiogenic and antitumor effects of mycophenolic acid. Mol Cancer Ther. 2008 Jun;7(6):1656-68. |
Molecular Formula |
C17H19O6-.NA+
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Molecular Weight |
342.31896
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CAS # |
37415-62-6
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Related CAS # |
Mycophenolic acid;24280-93-1
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Appearance |
Typically exists as solids (or liquids in special cases) at room temperature
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SMILES |
[Na+].O=C(CC/C(=C/CC1=C(OC)C(C)=C2COC(=O)C2=C1O)/C)[O-]
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HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 :Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
1 mM | 2.9212 mL | 14.6062 mL | 29.2124 mL | |
5 mM | 0.5842 mL | 2.9212 mL | 5.8425 mL | |
10 mM | 0.2921 mL | 1.4606 mL | 2.9212 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration: mg/mL;
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation::Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.