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25g |
Penicillin V (Phenoxymethylpenicillin) is a broad-spectrum and oral penicillin antibiotic that shows antibacterial activity for Streptococci, Clostridium difficile and staphylococcus aureus.
ln Vitro |
Streptococci cannot grow when Penicillin V (0.002-8.0 mg/L) is present; its minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) are 0.004-0.008 mg/L[2]. With a MIC50 of 4.0 mg/L and a MIC90 of 8.0 mg/L, Penicillin V (0.002-8.0 mg/L) has antibacterial activity against Clostridium difficile[3]. MIC of 0.016 mg/L, penicillin V (0.004-0.063 mg/L; 18 h) inhibits the development of Staphylococcus aureus[4].
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ln Vivo |
Penicillin V (0.063–0.25 mg/kg; sc) prevents S from growing. in the thigh muscle of mice[4]. Penicillin V (2 mg/kg; sc) had a mean AUC of 0.47 mg/L·h and a plasma half-life of 61 minutes[4]. Rats with acute purulent otitis media (AOM), a fulminant infection, are protected against by penicillin V (100 mg/kg; po once daily for 5 d)[5].
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Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Specific pathogen free (SPF) male Swiss mice (20-25 g) are inoculated S. aureus[4]
Doses: 0.063, 0.13, 0.25 mg/kg Route of Administration: Sc Experimental Results: diminished the number of CFU (1.34×107 counts/mL) compared to controls (3.5×107 counts/mL) at the dose of 0.25 mg/kg. |
References |
[1]. Sabath LD. Et, al. Phenoxymethylpenicillin (penicillin V) and phenethicillin. Med Clin North Am. 1970 Sep;54(5):1101-11.
[2]. Kamme C, et, al. In vitro effect on group A streptococci of loracarbef versus cefadroxil, cefaclor and penicillin V. Scand J Infect Dis. 1993;25(1):37-42. [3]. Norén T, et, al. In vitro susceptibility to 17 antimicrobials of clinical Clostridium difficile isolates collected in 1993-2007 in Sweden. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2010 Aug;16(8):1104-10. [4]. Overbosch D, et, al. Comparative pharmacodynamics and clinical pharmacokinetics of phenoxymethylpenicillin and pheneticillin. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1985 May;19(5):657-68. [5]. Hermansson A, et, al. Prevention of experimental acute otitis media with penicillin V. Acta Otolaryngol. Jan-Feb 1990;109(1-2):119-23. [6]. Timm A, et al. Photolysis of four β‑lactam antibiotics under simulated environmental conditions: Degradation, transformation products and antibacterial activity. Sci Total Environ. 2019 Feb 15;651(Pt 1):1605-1612. |
Molecular Formula |
C16H18N2O5S
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Molecular Weight |
350.39
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CAS # |
87-08-1
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Related CAS # |
Penicillin V Potassium;132-98-9;Penicillin V-d5;1356837-87-0
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Appearance |
Typically exists as solids (or liquids in special cases) at room temperature
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SMILES |
O=C([C@@H](C(C)(C)S[C@]1([H])[C@@H]2NC(COC3=CC=CC=C3)=O)N1C2=O)O
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InChi Key |
BPLBGHOLXOTWMN-MBNYWOFBSA-N
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InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H18N2O5S/c1-16(2)12(15(21)22)18-13(20)11(14(18)24-16)17-10(19)8-23-9-6-4-3-5-7-9/h3-7,11-12,14H,8H2,1-2H3,(H,17,19)(H,21,22)/t11-,12+,14-/m1/s1
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Chemical Name |
4-Thia-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-((phenoxyacetyl)amino)-, (2S,5R,6R)-
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Synonyms |
CCRIS-752CCRIS752 CCRIS 752
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HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 :Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
1 mM | 2.8540 mL | 14.2698 mL | 28.5396 mL | |
5 mM | 0.5708 mL | 2.8540 mL | 5.7079 mL | |
10 mM | 0.2854 mL | 1.4270 mL | 2.8540 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration: mg/mL;
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation::Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.