Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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100mg |
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250mg |
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500mg |
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Other Sizes |
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Targets |
COX-2 Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
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ln Vitro |
The formation of intracellular ROS caused by 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) is significantly reduced when treated with N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone (PBN) at concentrations ranging from 25 to 100 µM. Additionally, AAPH-induced cytotoxicity, matrix disintegration, and apoptosis are attenuated by N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone. N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone inhibits the activation of the ERK/MAPK pathway caused by AAPH. There is potential for studying intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) with N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone[1].
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ln Vivo |
Treatment with N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone (PBN; 100 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; twice daily; C57Bl/6 mice) eliminates the lipid peroxidation, nitrotyrosine residue levels, and GSH depletion caused by LPS and reduces the occurrence of external malformations[2].
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Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: C57Bl/6 mice induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)[2]
Doses: 100 mg/kg Route of Administration: intraperitoneal (ip) injection; twice a day (on gestational day 8) Experimental Results: Abolished LPS -induced lipid peroxidation, nitrotyrosine residues, and GSH depletion. |
References |
[1]. Zhenggang Zhou, et al. PBN Protects NP Cells From AAPH-induced Degenerative Changes by Inhibiting the ERK1/2 Pathway. Connect Tissue Res. 2020 Mar 30;1-10.
[2]. Lei Zhao, et al. Reactive Oxygen Species Contribute to Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Teratogenesis in Mice. Toxicol Sci. 2008 May;103(1):149-57. [3]. Y Kotake, et al. Inhibition of NF-kappaB, iNOS mRNA, COX2 mRNA, and COX Catalytic Activity by phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN). Biochim Biophys Acta. 1998 Nov 19;1448(1):77-84. [4]. R A Floyd. Antioxidants, Oxidative Stress, and Degenerative Neurological Disorders. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1999 Dec;222(3):236-45. |
Molecular Formula |
C11H15NO
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Molecular Weight |
177.24
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CAS # |
3376-24-7
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Appearance |
Typically exists as solids (or liquids in special cases) at room temperature
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SMILES |
CC(C)(C)[N+](=CC1=CC=CC=C1)[O-]
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HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (564.21 mM)
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Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (14.11 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (14.11 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (14.11 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
1 mM | 5.6421 mL | 28.2103 mL | 56.4207 mL | |
5 mM | 1.1284 mL | 5.6421 mL | 11.2841 mL | |
10 mM | 0.5642 mL | 2.8210 mL | 5.6421 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration: mg/mL;
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation::Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.