Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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5mg |
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Other Sizes |
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ln Vitro |
The least hazardous structural analogue of cantharidin that nonetheless inhibits PP2A is endothall, an organic acid[2]. These new rat hepatocellular carcinoma lines may be helpful for future biochemical and pharmacological research on PP2A inhibitors, as well as for evaluating novel treatments for hepatic cell carcinomas, since endothall selectively suppresses the growth of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). In contrast, newborn rat hepatocytes growing exponentially in primary culture (IC50=6.2 µg/mL), rat DHD/K12 colon carcinoma cells (IC50=3.6 µg/mL), or human HT-29 colon carcinoma cells (IC50=4.9 µg/mL) were less sensitive to Endothall. The most sensitive hepatocellular carcinomas are HR-2, HR-3, HR-4, and Zajdela [2]. Endothall causes mitotic arrest and subsequent cell death in HCC lines by inhibiting their proliferation in culture more than it does in normal hepatocytes or colon carcinomas. Particularly in G2/M, endothall induces cytostasis that is dose- and time-dependent [2]. Endothall (3 µg/mL) prevents apoptotic cell death by inhibiting the cell cycle at G2/M[2].
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ln Vivo |
In mice, endothall has an acute LD50 of 14 mg/kg[2].
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References |
[1]. Janetti R Signorelli, et al. Protein phosphatases decrease their activity during capacitation: a new requirement for this event. PLoS One. 2013 Dec 2;8(12):e81286.
[2]. J P Thièry, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines from diethylnitrosamine phenobarbital-treated rats. Characterization and sensitivity to endothall, a protein serine/threonine phosphatase-2A inhibitor. Hepatology. 1999 May;29(5):1406-17. |
Molecular Formula |
C8H10O5
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Molecular Weight |
186.16
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CAS # |
145-73-3
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Appearance |
Typically exists as solids (or liquids in special cases) at room temperature
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SMILES |
OC(=O)C1C2CCC(O2)C1C(O)=O
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HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 :Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
1 mM | 5.3717 mL | 26.8586 mL | 53.7172 mL | |
5 mM | 1.0743 mL | 5.3717 mL | 10.7434 mL | |
10 mM | 0.5372 mL | 2.6859 mL | 5.3717 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration: mg/mL;
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation::Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.