Cesium chloride (CsCl) inhibits the effects of acrylamide on membrane potential, intracellular calcium levels, and the expressions of NOS, ET-1, and VEGF, which are all upregulated[3].

Cesium chloride (12 mg/100 g body weight, daily for 30 days; ip; male Wistar rats–BOO model) may considerably reduce the impact of XJT (traditional Chinese medicine) on bladder weight, urodynamics, and oxidative stress in addition to the expression of these potassium channels[1].

Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Real and simulated particulate fallout solutions of 134CsCl were fed to 102 healthy volunteers. An average of 3% of the radioactivity of week-old fallout was absorbed: the range was 0-9%.
Data were obtained for the distribution-excretion pattern of 137Cs in guinea pigs over a period of 100 days after administration by three different routes. Three groups of twenty guinea pigs were used. Solutions of cesium chloride containing 137Cs as a tracer were administered to the animals by inhalation, by ingestion and by i.p. injection. Urine and feces were collected daily until sacrifice, and the time-tissue distribution patterns were determined after death. All measurements were made by gamma counting with a NaI (Tl) detector. Since cesium chloride is extremely soluble, it was absorbed rapidly from the lungs, the digestive tract and the abdominal cavity. After the first day, the skeletal muscle had the largest concentration of 137Cs. Its retention in muscle may be approximated by a single exponential function with an average biological half-life of 10 days. Concentration in other tissues did not differ significantly from that in the muscle. The 137Cs concentration in total excretion followed an exponential pattern with a rapidly and a slowly decreasing component. The average urine-to-feces ratio was 2.8. More than 95 per cent was excreted within 32 days; at this time, approximately 65 per cent of the remaining radioactivity was located in the skeletal muscle.
Absorption of CsCl, SrCl2, BaCl2 and CeCl3 deposited on nasal membranes directly into the general circulation was studied in Syrian hamsters and compared with gastrointestinal tract absorption. More than 50 % of the cesium, strontium and barium was absorbed directly from the nasal membranes but <4 % of the cerium. For all isotopes, nasal absorption was approximately = or >gastrointestinal absorption during the first 4 hr after administration. This study emphasized the importance of direct nasal absorption of deposited materials in inhalation toxicity evaluations especially with readily soluble aerosols having mass median aerodynamic diameters >5 m when nasopharyngeal deposition predominates.

Non-Human Toxicity Values
LD50 Rat ip 1.5 g/kg

[1]. A Chinese Medicine Formula "Xian-Jia-Tang" for Treating Bladder Outlet Obstruction by Improving Urodynamics and Inhibiting Oxidative Stress through Potassium Channels. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017;2017:8147258.

[2]. Alloxan decreases intracellular potassium content of the isolated frog skin epithelium. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2001;130(1):19-27.

[3]. Mitochondrial ROS-K+ channel signaling pathway regulated secretion of human pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Free Radic Res. 2012;46(12):1437-1445.

[4]. Cesium-induced QT-interval prolongation in an adolescent. Pharmacotherapy. 2008;28(8):1059-1065.

Caesium chloride is the inorganic chloride salt of caesium; each caesium ion is coordinated by eight chlorine ions. It has a role as a phase-transfer catalyst and a vasoconstrictor agent. It is an inorganic chloride and an inorganic caesium salt.
See also: Cesium cation (has active moiety) ... View More ...

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Mechanism of Action
... potassium channel blocker ... capable of producing early after-depolarizations (EADs) and polymorphic ventricular tachyarrhythmias resembling torsades de pointes.
Cesium ions block potassium channels in biological membranes in a voltage dependent manner. For example, external cesium blocks inward current with little or no effect on outward current. Consequently, it produces a characteristic N-shaped current-voltage relationship. /Cesium ions/

CLCS

168.36

167.874

7647-17-8

24293

White to off-white solid powder

3.983

1290 °C

645 °C(lit.)

1303°C

1.6418

0

1

0

2

2

0

AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M

InChI=1S/ClH.Cs/h1H;/q;+1/p-1

cesium;chloride

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.

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Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)
*Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil)
Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).

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Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)]
*Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline
Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil)
Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)

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Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium)
Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).

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Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400
Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders

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Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.

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 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)