Cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and the exposure of particular phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface are just a few of the distinctive morphological and biochemical features of the cell death process known as apoptosis. Apoptosis-initiated cell death is distinct from necrosis-induced cell death. Apoptotic death, in contrast, is silent and orderly. Necrotic cells are typically recognized as a danger signal by the immune system, which causes inflammation.
There are two main methods for inducing apoptotic cell death: The intrinsic pathway, also known as the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is strictly regulated by the BCL-2 family of proteins and is activated by a variety of developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage, and growth-factor deprivation.The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family members, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1), which contain an intracellular death domain and can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface, are what initiate the extrinsic or death-receptor pathway. Without the involvement of the BCL-2 family, this recruitment results in the subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases like caspase-3, -6, or -7.
Numerous human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), may be influenced by changes in cell survival, according to studies. Some of these diseases may not progress naturally unless specific therapies that change the apoptotic threshold are used.
| Structure | Cat No. | Product Name | CAS No. | Product Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
V41037 | PB28 | 172906-90-0 | PB28, a cyclohexylpiperazine analogue, is a high-affinity and selective sigma 2 (σ2) receptor agonist/activator with a Ki of 0.68 nM. |
|
V41030 | PCC0208017 | 2623158-64-3 | PCC0208017 is a potent inhibitor of microtubule affinity-regulated kinase MARK3/MARK4 with IC50s of 1.8 and 2.01 nM respectively. |
|
V41029 | PD-1/PD-L1-IN-10 | 2487550-41-2 | PD-1/PD-L1-IN-10 (compound B2) is an orally bioactive PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor (IC50 of 2.7 nM) with anti-tumor activity. |
|
V54896 | PDPOB | 2351900-45-1 | PDPOB is a phenylcarboxylic acid analogue. |
|
V41025 | Peginterferon beta-1a (Peginterferon beta-1a) | 1211327-92-2 | Peginterferon beta-1a (Peginterferon beta-1a) is the first pegylated interferon beta-1a molecule. |
|
V55009 | Pegsunercept (PEG sTNF-RI) | 330988-75-5 | Pegsunercept (PEG sTNF-RI) is a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that specifically targets TNFA and is conjugated to a pegol structure. |
|
V41024 | Peimisine hydrochloride (Ebeiensine hydrochloride) | 900498-44-4 | Peimisine (Ebeiensine) HCl is a muscarinic M receptor antagonist and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. |
|
V52407 | Pelcitoclax (APG-1252) | 1619923-36-2 | Pelcitoclax (APG-1252) is a potent Bcl-2/Bcl-xl inhibitor (antagonist) with anti-tumor and pro-apoptotic effects. |
|
V41023 | Penduletin | 569-80-2 | Penduletin is a flavonoid that can be extracted from Brickelia pendula and Vitex negundo. |
|
V41021 | Pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1) | 27060-70-4 | Pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1) is an orally bioactive Curcumin analog that induces apoptotic signaling through multiple mechanisms, such as inhibition of COX-2 and VEGF. |
|
V56463 | Pep19-2.5 | 1322711-38-5 | Pep19-2.5 is a synthetic antitoxin peptide that blocks intracellular endotoxin signaling cascades. |
|
V41017 | Perhexiline | 6621-47-2 | Perhexiline is an orally bioactive CPT1 and CPT2 inhibitor that reduces fatty acid metabolism. |
|
V17541 | Perillyl alcohol | 18457-55-1 | Perillyl alcohol (POH) is a natural monocyclic terpenefound in lavender with anti-cancer activity. |
|
V41016 | PETCM | 10129-56-3 | PETCM is an activator of caspase-3 and acts in a cytochrome c (cyto c)-dependent manner. |
|
V41015 | Pexelizumab (h5G1. 1-SC) | 219685-93-5 | Pexelizumab (h5G1. 1-SC) is a human single-chain monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against the C5 complement component. |
|
V41011 | Phellamurin | 52589-11-4 | Phellamurin is a plant flavonoid glycoside from the leaves of Phellodendron amurense that can inhibit intestinal P-glycoprotein (P-glycoprotein). |
|
V53166 | Phenazine methylsulfate (5-Methylphenazinium methylsulfate) | 299-11-6 | Phenazine methylsulfate is a free radical generator. |
|
V41010 | Pheniramine (Prophenpyridamine; Tripoton) | 86-21-5 | Pheniramine (Prophenpyridamine; Tripoton) is a first-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist that acts on the central nervous system/CNS to produce sedative and sleep-promoting effects. |
|
V35081 | Phenylacetylglycine | 500-98-1 | Phenylacetylglycine is a gut microbial metabolite that activates/agonizes β2AR. |
|
V54806 | Physalin B (Physalin B) | 23133-56-4 | Physalin B is one of the main active steroidal components in Cape gooseberry. |
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