| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25g |
|
||
| 50g |
|
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Endogenous Metabolite
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Sodium 2-oxopropionate (acetone) is dephenylized to acetone during the process of scavenging hydrogen peroxide, which ends aerobic metabolism and produces more ROS. ROS concentrations rise in the cytosol and mitochondria when pyruvate activates JNK1 activation. Across a range of pyruvate concentrations, increased JNK1 activity is shown in several cell types [1]. Because sodium 2-oxopropionate (sodium pyruvate) is both H2O2 and O2·-, it shields the top of the lens from oxidation and the ensuing development of white cataracts both internally and externally. Moreover, sodium 2-oxopropionate has been shown to prevent sugar bleaching by binding to protein-NH2 [2].
|
| ln Vivo |
An analysis of serum levels of sodium 2-oxopropionate in neonates revealed a baseline level of pyruvate of 0.30 mM. At the time of sacrifice, serum levels increased approximately six-fold to 1.84 mM after the maximum dose of sodium 2-oxopropionate [1]. The newborns were given Sodium 2-oxopropanoate (acetone acetone; 0.1-10 g/kg) as a bolus injection, and 1 hour later, the JNK1 activity level in the extract was measured.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
Leakage of mitochondrial oxidants contributes to a variety of harmful conditions ranging from neurodegenerative diseases to cellular senescence. We describe here, however, a physiological and heretofore unrecognized role for mitochondrial oxidant release. Mitochondrial metabolism of pyruvate is demonstrated to activate the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). This metabolite-induced rise in cytosolic JNK1 activity is shown to be triggered by increased release of mitochondrial H(2)O(2). We further demonstrate that in turn, the redox-dependent activation of JNK1 feeds back and inhibits the activity of the metabolic enzymes glycogen synthase kinase 3beta and glycogen synthase. As such, these results demonstrate a novel metabolic regulatory pathway activated by mitochondrial oxidants. In addition, they suggest that although chronic oxidant production may have deleterious effects, mitochondrial oxidants can also function acutely as signaling molecules to provide communication between the mitochondria and the cytosol [1].
|
| Cell Assay |
Glycation initiated changes in tissue proteins, which are triggered by the Schiff base formation between the sugar carbonyl and the protein -NH2, have been suggested to play an important role in the development of diabetes-related pathological changes such as the formation of cataracts. While the initial reaction takes place by the interaction of >C=O of the parent sugars with the -NH2 of proteins, reactive oxygen species (ROS) dependent generation of more reactive dicarbonyl derivatives from the oxidation of sugars also plays a significant role in these changes, altering the structural as well as functional properties of proteins. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the activities of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) could be affected by the high levels of fructose prevalent in diabetic lenses. Incubation of the enzymes with this sugar led to a significant loss of their activities. GAPDH was inactivated within a day. This was followed by the inactivation of catalase (3-4 days) and SOD (6 days). The loss of the activities was prevented significantly by incorporation of pyruvate in the incubation mixture. The protective effect is ascribable to its ability to competitively inhibit glycation as well as to its ROS scavenging activity. Hence, it could play a significant role in the maintenance of lens physiology and cataract prevention [2].
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Sodium pyruvate is an organic sodium salt. It contains a pyruvate.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C3H3NAO3
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
110.0438
|
| Exact Mass |
109.997
|
| Elemental Analysis |
C, 32.74; H, 2.75; Na, 20.89; O, 43.62
|
| CAS # |
113-24-6
|
| Related CAS # |
Sodium 2-oxopropanoate-13C3;142014-11-7;Pyruvic acid;127-17-3;Sodium 2-oxopropanoate-d3;1316291-18-5;Sodium 2-oxopropanoate-13C;124052-04-6;2-Oxopropanoate-13C5 sodium;89196-78-1; 127-17-3 (free acid)
|
| PubChem CID |
23662274
|
| Appearance |
Off-white to light yellow solid
|
| Density |
1.267g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
165ºC at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
>300 °C(lit.)
|
| Flash Point |
54.3ºC
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.968mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.426-1.43
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
7
|
| Complexity |
88.2
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
[Na+].[O-]C(C(C([H])([H])[H])=O)=O
|
| InChi Key |
DAEPDZWVDSPTHF-UHFFFAOYSA-M
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C3H4O3.Na/c1-2(4)3(5)6;/h1H3,(H,5,6);/q;+1/p-1
|
| Chemical Name |
sodium 2-oxopropanoate
|
| Synonyms |
FP-0019 RES100 RES110 FP 0019 FP 0020 RES 001 RES 100 RES 110FP-0020 RES-001 RES-100 RES-110 Pyruvate sodium FP0019 FP0020 RES001
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~100 mg/mL (~908.76 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 50 mg/mL (454.38 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 9.0876 mL | 45.4380 mL | 90.8760 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.8175 mL | 9.0876 mL | 18.1752 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.9088 mL | 4.5438 mL | 9.0876 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT00262652 | TERMINATED | Drug: sodium pyruvate | Moderate Asthma | Emphycorp | 2006-01 | Phase 1 Phase 2 |
| NCT04824365 | COMPLETEDWITH RESULTS | Drug: Sodium Pyruvate Other: Saline |
COVID-19 | 公司 | 2021-04-12 | Phase 2 Phase 3 |
| NCT00262613 | COMPLETED | Drug: sodium pyruvate in 0.9% sodium chloride solution | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | Emphycorp | 2004-09 | Phase 2 |
| NCT04871815 | COMPLETEDWITH RESULTS | Drug: sodium pyruvate nasal spray | Long COVID | Cellular Sciences, inc. | 2021-04-27 | Phase 2 Phase 3 |
| NCT00308243 | COMPLETED | Drug: Sodium Pyruvate in 0.9% Sodium Chloride Solution | Cystic Fibrosis | Emphycorp | 2006-03 | Phase 1 |
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