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RI-1

Alias: RAD51 inhibitor 1; RI-1; RI1; RI 1
Cat No.:V1951 Purity: ≥98%
RI-1 (also known as RAD51 inhibitor 1) is an irreversible small molecule inhibitor of RAD51 with IC50 ranging from 5 to 30 μM.
RI-1
RI-1 Chemical Structure CAS No.: 415713-60-9
Product category: RAD51
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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Purity & Quality Control Documentation

Purity: ≥98%

Product Description

RI-1 (also known as RAD51 inhibitor 1) is an irreversible small molecule inhibitor of RAD51 with IC50 ranging from 5 to 30 μM. Through direct and specific disruption of HsRAD51 and inhibition of RAD51's ability to form filaments on ssDNA, RI-1 sensitizes cells to DNA damage. Furthermore, all three cancer cell lines (HeLa, MCF-7, and U2OS) exhibit single-agent toxicity when exposed to RI-1 alone, with LD50 values in the 20–40 µM range. In G2 phase cells, RI-1 inhibits the rejoining of γ-H2AX foci, leading to an increased amount of unrepaired double-strand breaks six hours post-irradiation.

Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
Targets
RAD51 ( IC50 = 5-30 μM )
ln Vitro

RI-1 (1-50 μM; 24 h) specifically promotes single-strand annealing (SSA) in HEK293 cells and inhibits homologous recombination (HR) in U2OS cells[1].
RI-1 (5-20 μM; 30 min) inhibits HsRAD51 in a concentration-dependent manner[1].
RI-1 (20 μM; 8 h) prevents the creation of RAD51 foci following DNA damage in immortalized human fibroblasts[1].
RI-1 (15-25 μM; 24 h) sensitizes HeLa, MCF-7, and U2OS human cancer cells to chemotherapy that involves cross-linking[1].

ln Vivo
RI-1 (50 mg/kg; i.p. every 3 d for 30 d) dramatically slows the growth of tumors associated with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in mice[2].
Enzyme Assay
Reaction volumes range from 30 to 100 μL, and all reactions are carried out in 384-well black non-binding polystyrene plates. Purified chemical compounds and DNA strand exchange proteins are first incubated for five minutes at room temperature. They are then incubated for a further thirty minutes at 37°C with 100 nM of ssDNA substrate, which is a 45-mer poly-dT tagged with Alexa 488 at the 5' terminus (purified and synthesized by Integrated DNA Technologies). 20 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 10 mM MgCl2, 0.25 μM BSA, 2% glycerol, 30 mM NaCl, 4% DMSO, and 2 mM ATP are used for the reactions. DTT or TCEP (tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine) were among the conditions mentioned. The Safire2 plate reader is used to measure DNA binding as a function of fluorescence polarization (FP). The following settings are used: excitation 470±5 nm, emission 530±5 nm, 10 reads/well, Z height, and G factor auto-calibrated from control wells. Error bars that are displayed stand for standard deviation. Data are fitted to an equation that takes into account the cooperative nature of recombinase protein DNA binding in experiments involving the titration of protein concentrations. Protein concentrations are chosen for RI-1 titration experiments such that the FP signal reaches approximately 80% saturation when RI-1 is not present.
Cell Assay
The ability to form colonies is the key indicator of cytotoxicity. Three duplicates of each experiment are run. NIH Image software is utilized to count colonies that have been stained with crystal violet and imaged using a CCD camera. Normal error is indicated by error bars.
Animal Protocol
Female BALB/c nude mice (6 weeks) bearing TNBC tumor
50 mg/kg
I.p. every 3 days for 30 days
References

[1]. RI-1: a chemical inhibitor of RAD51 that disrupts homologous recombination in human cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 2012 Aug;40(15):7347-57.

[2]. DAXX, as a Tumor Suppressor, Impacts DNA Damage Repair and Sensitizes BRCA-Proficient TNBC Cells to PARP Inhibitors. Neoplasia. 2019 Jun;21(6):533-544.

These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C14H11CL3N2O3
Molecular Weight
361.61
Exact Mass
359.983
Elemental Analysis
C, 46.50; H, 3.07; Cl, 29.41; N, 7.75; O, 13.27
CAS #
415713-60-9
Related CAS #
415713-60-9
PubChem CID
1074953
Appearance
Yellow to orange solid powder
Density
1.6±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point
483.0±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point
245.9±28.7 °C
Vapour Pressure
0.0±1.2 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction
1.669
LogP
3.04
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
4
Rotatable Bond Count
2
Heavy Atom Count
22
Complexity
520
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
SMILES
ClC1C(N(C2C([H])=C([H])C(=C(C=2[H])Cl)Cl)C(C=1N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C1([H])[H])=O)=O
InChi Key
MWSUIZKGNWELRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C14H11Cl3N2O3/c15-9-2-1-8(7-10(9)16)19-13(20)11(17)12(14(19)21)18-3-5-22-6-4-18/h1-2,7H,3-6H2
Chemical Name
3-chloro-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-morpholin-4-ylpyrrole-2,5-dione
Synonyms
RAD51 inhibitor 1; RI-1; RI1; RI 1
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
DMSO: 33.3~50 mg/mL (92.2~138.3 mM)
Water: <1 mg/mL
Ethanol: <1 mg/mL
Solubility (In Vivo)
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.91 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.7654 mL 13.8271 mL 27.6541 mL
5 mM 0.5531 mL 2.7654 mL 5.5308 mL
10 mM 0.2765 mL 1.3827 mL 2.7654 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

Calculator

Molarity Calculator allows you to calculate the mass, volume, and/or concentration required for a solution, as detailed below:

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An example of molarity calculation using the molarity calculator is shown below:
What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?
  • Enter 350.26 in the Molecular Weight (MW) box
  • Enter 10 in the Concentration box and choose the correct unit (mM)
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  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer of 17.513 mg appears in the Mass box. In a similar way, you may calculate the volume and concentration.

Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
  • Enter 10 into the Concentration (Start) box and choose the correct unit (mM)
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  • The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box
g/mol

Molecular Weight Calculator allows you to calculate the molar mass and elemental composition of a compound, as detailed below:

Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
Instructions to calculate molar mass (molecular weight) of a chemical compound:
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Definitions of molecular mass, molecular weight, molar mass and molar weight:
  • Molecular mass (or molecular weight) is the mass of one molecule of a substance and is expressed in the unified atomic mass units (u). (1 u is equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12)
  • Molar mass (molar weight) is the mass of one mole of a substance and is expressed in g/mol.
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Reconstitution Calculator allows you to calculate the volume of solvent required to reconstitute your vial.

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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Biological Data
  • RI-1

    RI-1 inhibits human RAD51 in biochemical assays. Nucleic Acids Res. 2012 Aug;40(15):7347-57.
  • RI-1

    The cysteine binding target of RI-1 is highly conserved among eukaryotic RAD51 proteins and is located in an interface used for protein–protein interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2012 Aug;40(15):7347-57.
  • RI-1

    RI-1 disrupts the formation of RAD51 foci after DNA damage. Nucleic Acids Res. 2012 Aug;40(15):7347-57.
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