Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Dermal penetration of (14)C-labeled abate was measured in rats, rabbits, and dogs. Absorption was assessed by monitoring excreted radioactivity in urine and feces for 7 days and analysis of tissue specimens /were conducted/. Absorption would be expected to be less than 3% of applied dose. No evidence of bodily retention or pooling of radioactive moiety was demonstrated.
In guinea pig, /oral/ absorption apparently was less than in rat, & biliary excretion of metabolites was demonstrated.
When (3)H temephos was administered to rats by mouth, radioactivity reached a peak in the blood between 5 and 8 hr and then dissipated within a half-life of about 10 hr. Appreciable radioactivity was found only in the GI tract and fat. Both in the feces and in the fat, most of the radioactivity came from unchanged insecticide, but small amounts of the sulfoxide were present also. Traces of temephos were found in the urine ... .
In mammals, elimination of mainly of unchanged temephos in the feces and urine.

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Metabolism / Metabolites
Studies with tritium-labeled abate indicated that this insecticide was relatively resistant to metabolic degradation. Residues on bean leaves ... consisted primarily of intact abate- about 70% of applied dose. The major metabolite was the sulfoxide derivative- less than 5% of the dose. Traces of sulfone derivative, oxygen analog, and glucosidic conjugates of phenolic hydrolysis products from abate and its sulfoxide & sulfone derivatives were also observed.
When rats were fed Abate, 60% of the material appeared in ... feces as the oxygen analog of Abate and its sulfoxide. The thiodiphenol, sulfinyldiphenol and sulfonyldiphenol were also found. In the urine, sulfate and glucoside conjugates of the hydrolysis products of Abate and sulfoxide as well as sulfone analogs accounted for 39.5% of the material administered. ... Five compounds found in feces and three in urine were not identified.
Larvae of the mosquito (Aedes aegypti L) metabolized Abate to sulfoxides and sulfones of Abate, the oxygen analog, and the demethylated analog. Some conjugates were also formed. In the housefuly, all expected metabolic products were found internally either as the intact ester or as hydrolyzed material ...
Abate yields in rat, abate sulfoxide and thiodiphenol. /From table/
For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for TEMEPHOS (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

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Biological Half-Life
When (3)H temephos was administered to rats by mouth, radioactivity reached a peak in blood between 5 & 8 hr & then dissipated with half-life of about 10 hr.

Interactions
Mixture of abate and malathion are appreciably more toxic in rats than either compound alone.

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Non-Human Toxicity Values
LD50 Rabbit female dermal 970 mg/kg
LD50 Rabbit male dermal 1930 mg/kg
LD50 Rat oral male 8600 mg/kg
LD50 Rat oral female 13,000 mg/kg
For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for TEMEPHOS (15 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Temephos appears as white crystalline solid or liquid (above 87 °F). Used as an insecticide. Technical grade is a viscous brown liquid. (NIOSH, 2024)
Temephos is an organic sulfide that is diphenyl sulfide in which the hydrogen at the para position of each of the phenyl groups has been replaced by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)oxy group. It has a role as an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, an acaricide, an agrochemical and an ectoparasiticide. It is an organic thiophosphate, an organothiophosphate insecticide and an organic sulfide. It is functionally related to a 4,4'-thiodiphenol.
Diphos has been used in trials studying the treatment of Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria.
An organothiophosphate insecticide.

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Mechanism of Action
Abate is a cholinesterase inhibiting insecticide.
Organophosphates poison insects and humans primarily by phosphorylation of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme at nerve endings. /Organophosphate Cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides/

C16H20O6P2S3

466.46

465.989

3383-96-8

Temephos-d12;1219795-39-7

5392

Colorless crystals
White, crystalline solid or liquid (above 87 degrees F) [Note: Technical grade is a brown, viscous liquid].

1.4±0.1 g/cm3

518.5±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg

30-31°C

267.4±32.9 °C

0.0±1.3 mmHg at 25°C

1.613

5.96

0

9

10

27

474

0

COP(OC(C=C1)=CC=C1SC2=CC=C(OP(OC)(OC)=S)C=C2)(OC)=S

WWJZWCUNLNYYAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C16H20O6P2S3/c1-17-23(25,18-2)21-13-5-9-15(10-6-13)27-16-11-7-14(8-12-16)22-24(26,19-3)20-4/h5-12H,1-4H3

[4-(4-dimethoxyphosphinothioyloxyphenyl)sulfanylphenoxy]-dimethoxy-sulfanylidene-λ5-phosphane

Bithion; Abate; Temefos

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~214.38 mM)

Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.5 mg/mL (5.36 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.36 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.

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 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)