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Toceranib phosphate

Alias: SU-11654 phosphate; PHA291639 phosphate; SU 11654; PHA-291639 phosphate; SU11654; PHA 291639; Toceranib phosphate; Trade name: Palladia.
Cat No.:V3699 Purity: ≥98%
Toceranib phosphate (formerly known as PHA291639; SU11654),phosphate salt ofToceranib,is a novel and potent receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)inhibitor with antineoplastic/anticancer activities.
Toceranib phosphate
Toceranib phosphate Chemical Structure CAS No.: 874819-74-6
Product category: PDGFR
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Size Price Stock Qty
50mg
100mg
250mg
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1g
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Other Forms of Toceranib phosphate:

  • Toceranib
Official Supplier of:
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Purity & Quality Control Documentation

Purity: ≥98%

Product Description

Toceranib phosphate (formerly known as PHA291639; SU11654), phosphate salt of Toceranib, is a novel and potent receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with antineoplastic/anticancer activities. It inhibits PDGFRβ and Flk-1/KDR at 5 nM and 6 nM, respectively. It is an authorized veterinary medication used to treat canine mast cell tumors in dogs. Toceranib may also have an anti-angiogenic effect, but its main mechanism of action is probably inhibition of kit tyrosine kinase.

Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
Targets
PDGFRβ (Ki = 5 nM); Flk-1 (Ki = 6 nM)
ln Vitro

Toceranib phosphate (PHA 291639 phosphate) selectively inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of several members of the split kinase RTK family, including Flk-1/KDR and PDGFR, with Kis of 5 and 6 nM, respectively[1].
Three resistant sublines—TR1, TR2, and TR3—are created from the toceranib-sensitive exon 11 ITD c-kit mutant C2 cell line in order to investigate the mechanisms of acquired toceranib (TOC) resistance in canine MCT. Toceranib inhibits the growth of the parental C2 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 of less than 10 nM. On the other hand, Toceranib cannot inhibit the TR1, TR2, or TR3 sublines (IC50>1,000 nM). The observed resistance to toceranib is comparable to the sensitivity to three other KIT RTK inhibitors. The cytotoxic agents vinblastine (VBL) and CCNU do not affect any of the three sublines or the parental line. After being cultured for 72 hours with varying concentrations of Toceranib, treatment-naïve parental C2 cells separate from the culture flask and exhibit rounding, shrinking, and clumping as the exposure to Toceranib increases. In contrast, it is not possible to identify morphologic differences induced by ceranib in the resistant sublines[2].

ln Vivo
The amount and proportion of Treg in the peripheral blood of cancer-stricken dogs are dramatically reduced by the administration of toceranib phosphate (PHA 291639 phosphate). After receiving Toceranib phosphate (PHA 291639 phosphate) and cyclophosphamide (CYC) for six weeks, dogs show a significant increase in serum concentrations of IFN-γ, which is inversely correlated with Treg numbers[3].
Enzyme Assay
For PDGFR and Flk-1/KDR, two members of the split kinase RTK family, toceranib (SU11654) selectively inhibits tyrosine kinase activity at 5 and 6 nM, respectively.
Cell Assay
The parental cell line is the canine C2 mastocytoma c-kit mutant cell line, which was obtained from spontaneously occurring cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs). In an incubator set at 37°C with 5% CO2 humidity and supplemented with 2 mM L-glutamine, 10% FBS, 100 g/mL Streptomycin, and 100 U/mL Penicillin, cells are grown in RPMI 1640 medium. C2 cells are grown in Toceranib concentrations ranging from 0.02 uM to 0.3 uM and increasing in increments of 0.025-0.05 uM to select C2 cells that are resistant to the drug. Over the course of seven months, three separate sublines that are resistant to toceranib are established[2].
Animal Protocol
Dogs: We utilize fifteen dogs owned by clients who have advanced tumors. Toceranib 2.75 mg/kg is given to dogs once every other day. An oral cyclophosphamide (CYC) dose of 15 mg/m2 per day is added after two weeks. During the eight-week study period, flow cytometry is used to measure the number of Treg and lymphocyte subsets in blood. ELISA is utilized to quantify the levels of IFN-γ in serum.
References

[1]. Phase I dose-escalating study of SU11654, a small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in dogs with spontaneous malignancies. Clin Cancer Res. 2003 Jul;9(7):2755-68.

[2]. Development of an in vitro model of acquired resistance to toceranib phosphate (Palladia?) in canine mast cell tumor. BMC Vet Res. 2014 May 6;10:105.

[3]. Clinical and immunomodulatory effects of toceranib combined with low-dose cyclophosphamide in dogs with cancer. J Vet Intern Med. 2012 Mar-Apr;26(2):355-62.

[4]. Preliminary evidence for biologic activity of toceranib phosphate (Palladia(®)) in solid tumours. Vet Comp Oncol. 2012;10(3):194-205.

These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C22H28FN4O6P
Molecular Weight
494.46
Exact Mass
494.17304979
Elemental Analysis
C, 53.44; H, 5.71; F, 3.84; N, 11.33; O, 19.41; P, 6.26
CAS #
874819-74-6
Related CAS #
Toceranib;356068-94-5
Appearance
Solid powder
SMILES
CC1=C(NC(=C1C(=O)NCCN2CCCC2)C)/C=C\3/C4=C(C=CC(=C4)F)NC3=O.OP(=O)(O)O
InChi Key
OORBROPMMRREB-HBPAQXCTSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C22H25FN4O2.H3O4P/c1-13-19(12-17-16-11-15(23)5-6-18(16)26-21(17)28)25-14(2)20(13)22(29)24-7-10-27-8-3-4-9-27;1-5(2,3)4/h5-6,11-12,25H,3-4,7-10H2,1-2H3,(H,24,29)(H,26,28);(H3,1,2,3,4)/b17-12-;
Chemical Name
5-[(Z)-(5-fluoro-2-oxo-1H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl]-2,4-dimethyl-N-(2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide;phosphoric acid
Synonyms
SU-11654 phosphate; PHA291639 phosphate; SU 11654; PHA-291639 phosphate; SU11654; PHA 291639; Toceranib phosphate; Trade name: Palladia.
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
DMSO: ~2 mg/mL (~4.0 mM)
Water: ~2 mg/mL (~4.0 mM)
Ethanol: <1mg/mL
Solubility (In Vivo)
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.

Injection Formulations
(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC)
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution 50 μL Tween 80 850 μL Saline)
*Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO 400 μLPEG300 50 μL Tween 80 450 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO 900 μL Corn oil)
Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).
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Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)]
*Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin 500 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO 100 μLPEG300 200 μL castor oil 650 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10: 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol 100 μL Cremophor 800 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline
Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH 900 μL Corn oil)
Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH 400 μLPEG300 50 μL Tween 80 450 μL Saline)


Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium)
Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).
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Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400
Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders


Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.0224 mL 10.1120 mL 20.2241 mL
5 mM 0.4045 mL 2.0224 mL 4.0448 mL
10 mM 0.2022 mL 1.0112 mL 2.0224 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

Calculator

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An example of molarity calculation using the molarity calculator is shown below:
What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?
  • Enter 350.26 in the Molecular Weight (MW) box
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  • The answer of 17.513 mg appears in the Mass box. In a similar way, you may calculate the volume and concentration.

Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
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  • The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box
g/mol

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Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Biological Data
  • Response of AGASACA to toceranib. Vet Comp Oncol . 2012 Sep;10(3):194-205.
  • Stable metastatic OSA following toceranib administration. Vet Comp Oncol . 2012 Sep;10(3):194-205.
  • Response of metastatic thyroid carcinoma to toceranib. Vet Comp Oncol . 2012 Sep;10(3):194-205.
  • Regression of oral squamous cell carcinoma after toceranib therapy. Vet Comp Oncol . 2012 Sep;10(3):194-205.
  • In vitro expansion of Treg with or without the addition of toceranib. J Vet Intern Med . 2012 Mar-Apr;26(2):355-62.
  • Effect of toceranib and vinblastine (B) on the induction of apoptosis in C2, TR1, TR2, and TR3 cells; Red- TUNEL; DAPI counterstain. BMC Vet Res . 2014 May 6:10:105.
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