The pathogenesis of a wide range of human diseases, including sepsis, diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel diseases, has been linked to tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a key mediator of apoptosis as well as inflammation and immunity.
TNF- α is a homotrimer in solution and a 17-kDa protein with 157 amino acids. The gene is located on chromosome 6 in humans. Its soluble TNF-binding receptors play a major role in controlling its bioactivity. T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and activated macrophages are the main producers of TNF-α. Numerous other cells, such as fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and tumor cells, are known to have lower expression. TNF- is produced in cells as pro-TNF (26 kDa), which is membrane-bound and is released after TNF-converting enzyme (TACE) cleaves its pro domain.
The two TNF receptors, TNF-R1 and TNF-R2, which are both members of the TNF receptor super-family, mediate many of the cellular responses brought on by TNF. Most cell types respond to TNF treatment by activating the transcription factor NF-B and MAP kinases like ERK, p38, and JNK. In some cases, apoptosis or necrosis may also be induced. However, TNFR1, also referred to as a death receptor, is primarily responsible for the induction of apoptosis or necrosis. Numerous cytokines and immune-regulatory proteins are induced as a result of NF-B and MAPK activation, which is crucial for many inflammatory responses.
| Structure | Cat No. | Product Name | CAS No. | Product Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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V88552 | (S)-Elobixibat | 439087-68-0 | (S)-Elobixibat is the S-isomer of Elobixibat. |
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V1944 | VGX-1027 (GIT 27) | 6501-72-0 | VGX-1027 (also known as VGX1027; GIT-27)is an orally bioactive,isoxazoline compound with potent immunomodulatory properties by inhibiting the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. |
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V88553 | AF-45 | AF-45 inhibits IRAK4 and IRAK1 with IC50 of 128 nM and 1765 nM, respectively. | |
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V77871 | Akt/NF-κB/MAPK-IN-1 | Akt/NF-κB/MAPK-IN-1 (compound 2m) is an orally bioactive NO inhibitor (IC50=7.70 μM) without obvious toxicity. | |
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V77782 | Anti-inflammatory agent 61 | Anti-inflammatory agent 61 (Compound 5b) is a potent anti-inflammatory agent. | |
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V78041 | Anti-Mouse 4-1BB Antibody (3H3) | Anti-Mouse 4-1BB Antibody is an anti-mouse 4-1BB IgG2a antibody inhibitor developed from host Rat. | |
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V85057 | BMS-561392 formate (DPC 333 formate) | 2922280-85-9 | |
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V88550 | BMS-986325 (anti-CD40) | BMS-986325 (anti-CD40) is a CD40 inhibitor for use in primary Sjögren's syndrome research. | |
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V51081 | Broussonin E | 90902-21-9 | anti-inflammatory agent |
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V84623 | DBM 1285 dihydrochloride | 1782532-29-9 | |
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V79207 | DPP-4-IN-8 | DPP-4-IN-8 (compound 27) is a potent and specific DPP4 inhibitor (antagonist) with Ki of 0.96 μM. | |
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V77066 | DRI-C21041 (DIEA) | DRI-C21041 DIEA is a CD40/CD40L interaction inhibitor (antagonist) with IC50 of 0.31 μM. | |
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V77055 | DSTYSLSSTLTLSK TFA | DSTYSLSSTLTLSK TFA is a human universal peptide that can be used for quantitative detection of infliximab. | |
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V74915 | EM-163 | 1206480-93-4 | EM-163 is a synthetic BB-Loop analog. |
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V76011 | Evunzekibart (ATOR-1017) | 2639688-77-8 | Evunzekibart (ATOR-1017) is an Fc-γ receptor conditional 4-1BB agonist and IgG4-type antibody. |
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V76013 | Exlinkibart (LVGN-6051) | 2642171-64-8 | Exlinkibart (LVGN-6051) targets TNFRSF9 and is an IgG1κ antibody humanized through complementarity determining region (CDR) grafting technology. |
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V77017 | Fisetin quarterhydrate (fisetin) | Fisetin quarterhydrate is a natural flavonol found in many fruits and vegetables that has multiple benefits such as antioxidant, anti-cancer, and neuro-protection effects. | |
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V76924 | HMGB1-IN-1 | HMGB1-IN-1 (compound 6) displays strong NO inhibition in RAW264.7 cells with IC50 of 15.9 ± 0.6 μM. | |
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V90321 | ISIS 104838 sodium | ISIS 104838 sodium is an antisense oligonucleotide active molecule that reduces the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), which can cause joint pain and swelling in rheumatoid arthritis. | |
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V51554 | Isodorsmanin A | 118266-99-2 | anti-inflammatory agent |
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