Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are radical and non-radical oxygen species produced by the partial reduction of oxygen, including superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•). Endogenous ROS are produced by cells during their normal oxidative metabolism in the mitochondria as well as when they react to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.
By directly inhibiting MAPK phosphatases, ROS also activates MAPK pathways. Through PTEN, ROS produced by growth factor stimulation are capable of reversibly controlling the redox state of the PI3K pathway. The cellular response to ROS may involve the activation of autophagy.
Structure | Cat No. | Product Name | CAS No. | Product Description |
---|---|---|---|---|
V72882 | Ferric citrate (Iron(III) citrate; Zerenex) | 3522-50-7 | Ferric citrate (Iron(III) citrate), an orally bioactive iron supplement, is a potent phosphate binder. | |
V79090 | Glutaminase C-IN-2 | Glutaminase C-IN-2 (compound 11) is an allosteric inhibitor of glutaminase C (GAC) with IC50 of 10.64 nM. | ||
V72903 | Glutathione ethyl ester | 92614-59-0 | Glutathione ethyl ester is a cell-permeable (penetrable) glutathione GSH donor that provides efficient glutathione supply to oocytes. | |
V72940 | Heme Oxygenase-1-IN-2 | 2839158-50-6 | Heme Oxygenase-1-IN-2 is a novel heme oxygenase-1 inhibitor (IC50 = 0.95 μM) with potent in vitro antiproliferation activity. | |
V72963 | Hispaglabridin A | 68978-03-0 | Hispaglabridin A is an antioxidant that effectively prevents lipid peroxidation. | |
V67138 | HKOH-1 | 2031170-96-2 | HKOH-1 is a highly sensitive green fluorescent probe that specifically detects ·OH in living cells. | |
V67106 | HKOH-1r | 2138472-08-7 | HKOH-1r is a highly sensitive green fluorescent probe that specifically detects ·OH in living cells. | |
V67109 | HKPerox-2 | 2245230-79-7 | HKPerox-2 is a highly sensitive green fluorescent probe that specifically detects H2O2 in living cells. | |
V76927 | HKSOX-1 (5/6-mixture) | HKSOX-1 is a fluorescent probe used to image and detect endogenous superoxide in living cells and in vivo. | ||
V67222 | HKSOX-1m (5/6-mixture) | 1786411-19-5 | HKSOX-1m (5/6-mixture) is an O2 fluorescent probe targeting mitochondria (Ex/Em=509/534 nm; green). | |
V76925 | HKSOX-1r (5/6-mixture) | HKSOX-1r (5/6-mixture) is a fluorescent probe used to image and detect endogenous superoxide in living cells and in vivo. | ||
V72924 | HNGF6A | 1093111-54-6 | HNGF6A is a human hormone analogue. | |
V79811 | HNGF6A TFA | HNGF6A TFA is a human hormone analogue. | ||
V4699 | HO-1-IN-1 | 1093058-52-6 | HO-1-IN-1 is a novel and potent heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) inhibitor with anIC50of 250 nM. | |
V72919 | Isorabaichromone | 194669-79-9 | Isorabaichromone is an effective antioxidant. | |
V70198 | KP372-1 | 1374996-60-7 | KP372-1 is an Akt inhibitor that can inhibit cancer cell proliferation/growth and cause apoptosis and anoikis. | |
V72961 | Ladanetin-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | 89647-63-2 | Ladanetin-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside is an active flavonoid. | |
V72944 | Linocinnamarin | 554-87-0 | Lincinnamarin is a naturally occurring compound extracted from Fragaria ananassa Duch. | |
V72893 | Luciferase-IN-1 | 10205-56-8 | Luciferase-IN-1 is a luciferase inhibitor. | |
V72914 | Mal-Pc | 2670367-74-3 | Mal-Pc is a multifunctional molecular photosensitizer designed based on phthalocyanine and maleimide. |